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East Africa A Mixed Inheritance
By: Alexandra Wiener, Sam Grosso, Ali Crofts, Annabel Burchill
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Shared Cultural Characteristics:
The value of cattle Environment is suitable Cattle are important to the lifestyle Language (Bantu or Nilotic) All languages belong to one or the other Influenced by Arab Islamic culture Many countries all over East Africa
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Unique Cultural Characteristics:
Religion Islamic rule along the coast of East Afrca Many Muslims in North-East Africa Interior of East Africa is Christian Native Religions widely practiced as well Language Hundred of languages Most common is Swahili Islands of East Africa do not speak Swahili
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The Horn (Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan)
Influenced by outside powers Britain & France (Red Sea) Suez Canal (1869) Italy (Eritrea and southeast Somalia) Battle of Adowa Italy (occupied Ethiopia) Politically Alienated Refugees fleeing armed conflict Authoritarian Regimes (Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan) Wars droughts, famines, staration Ethiopia Christian civilization
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East African Proper (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda)
Rwanda and Burundi German control then Belgian Fighting between tribes Kenya and Uganda Taken over by British EAC (East African Community) Agreements East African Meditation Agreement (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda) Preferential Trade Area Permanent Tripartite
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The Indian Ocean Islands (Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles)
Influences Asia, mainland Africa and Europe All influences by France Formed Indian Ocean Commission Link with South Africa
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Environmental Characteristics:
Tropical and temperate savanna Tropical rainforest Great Rift Valley Very Dry (lower-lying lands of northern Kenya and Greater Somalia are )
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Positive Attributes: Good cattle lands
Great lakes (Albert, Tanganyika, Malawi, Victoria) Costal Region (ideal for trade)
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Challenging Attributes:
Unreliable rainfall Constant fear of drought Famine War and civil unrest No regional community (The Horn)
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Resources: Cattle Iron Oil Copper Gold Uranium (Somalia)
Diamonds (Tanzania) Steel
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Ethnic Groups: Samburo Maasai Kikuyu (Kenya) Afar
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Colonial Influences and Treatment of Indigenous People:
Four Islands (French and Asia) Kenya, Uganda, Sudan, part of Somalia (British) Somalia and Eritrea (Italy) Ethiopia (Italy for short period) – then independent British control forced to speak English Italian cotrol forced to speak Italian Forced their own culture on the natives
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Leaders and Their Impact:
1977 Nyerere (Tanzania) Jomo Kenyena (Kenya) Idi Amin (Uganda) 1993 Daniel Mkapa (Tanzania) Daniel Arap Moi (Kenya) Museveni (Uganda)
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What Does the Title Mean? “A Mixed Inheritance”
East Africa has a wide range of areas in which its been influenced by.
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Two Questions For the Class:
Name three ways in which Eastern-Africa is similar to either Northern, Central of Western Africa. Explain. Do you believe that the colonizers of each of the Eastern-African countries has had a lasting affect on the country? Explain.
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