1. Acids, Bases, and pH Acids, Bases, and pH Acids, Bases, and pH Acids, Bases, and pH

2. AcidsAcids An acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H + )--sometimes called hydronium (H 3 O + ) ions--in solution. Acids:  Taste sour  Conduct electricity  Are corrosive  Change litmus paper red--demo WHY?

3. Common Acids Carbonic acid is found in carbonated drinks

4. Common Acids Acetic Acid is found in vinegar

5. Common Acids Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is found in citrus fruits, tomatoes, and vegetables

6. Acetylsalicylic acid is found in aspirin Common Acids

7. BasesBases A base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions, OH -, in solution. Bases:  Taste bitter  Feel slippery  Are corrosive  Conduct electricity  Change litmus paper blue--demo WHY?

8. Common Bases Magnesium hydroxide is found in antacids

9. Common Bases Aluminum hydroxide is found in deodorants

10. Common Bases Ammonia is used in household cleaners

11. Common Bases Sodium hydroxide is used to make drain cleaners and soap

12. pH Scale pH (pH stands for potential for Hydrogen) is a measure of the concentration of H + or H 3 O + ions in a solution. The pH scale ranges from 0-14  Acids have a pH less than 7  Bases have a pH greater than 7  Neutral solutions have a pH of 7 (they are not acidic or basic)

13. pH Scale Strong acids have LOW pHsStrong acids have LOW pHs Strong bases have HIGH pHsStrong bases have HIGH pHs

14. Strong Acids and Bases

15. Which substances have a pH closest to neutral? Strong acids? Strong bases? Weak acids? Weak bases?

16. Acid Base Indicators Indicators are substances that change color depending on the pH of a substance. Indicators are substances that change color depending on the pH of a substance. Chemistry Chef Video Brain Pop Movie

17. Learning Check Which substance is the most acidic?  A) bananas (pH 4.7)  B) celery (pH 5.9)  C) grapes (pH 3.0)  D) lettuce (pH 6.9)

18. Learning Check A student adds pure distilled water to ammonia. How will the pH of the substance change?  A) It will become exactly 7.  B) It will become less acidic.  C) It will become more acidic.  D) It will stay the same.

19. Learning Check Which substances are acidic? Which substances are basic? Which substance is most acidic? Which substance is most basic?

20. Which substance is neutral? Which substance is the weakest acid? Which substance is the weakest base? What could you add to hydrochloric acid to neutralize it?

21. Universal Indicator pH 4.0 pH 4.0 pH 5.0 pH 5.0 pH 6.0 pH 6.0 pH 7.0 pH 7.0 pH 8.0 pH 8.0 pH 9.0 pH 9.0 pH 10.0 pH 10.0