1. Chapter 5
Defensive driving

2. DO NOW 9-17
After reading the article on Thursday about road rage what are some strategies that might help you not get road rage. Are there things that you practice or try and practice to keep you calm in stressful situations?

3. Do NOW 9-18
Describe an incident of aggressive driving or rad rage that you have witnessed? How can you prevent enraging fellow drivers? If another driver angers you, how should you respond? What does aggressive driving mean? List some distractions that you think may impact you while driving.

4. DO NOW 9-19
You are going to be learning how to drive in the most difficult area. How does that make you feel? Why is city driving so much more difficult than driving in any other area?

5. Prevent a Collision
Be Alert: never think motorist will not make a driving mistake
Be Prepared: Learn what to do in any situation when you have to act fast and always expect the unexpected
Act in Time: Try not to panic. Know what to do if something suddenly happens

6. Road Rage

7. Aggressive Driving
emotions can have a great affect on a motorist’s driving
Aggressive driving is defined as a progression of unlawful driving actions such as speeding, improper or excessive lane changing, or improper passing
Aggressive drivers fail to consider how their actions may affect other motorists on the road
Extreme cases of aggressive driving may lead to road rage

8. Road Rage
When motorists lose their tempers or become frustrated because of traffic disturbances….
Run stop signs and red lights
Speed
Tailgate
Weave through traffic
Pass illegally
Make unsafe and improper lane changes
Make hand or facial gestures
Scream
Honk horns
Flash lights
Cause collisions

9. Distractions
In many cases, collisions are caused by distracted motorists
Inattentive motorists often tailgate go too fast, or drift out of their lanes
WHAT ARE SOME COMMON DISTRACTIONS WHILE DRIVING????

10. Tired Driver/ Highway Hypnosis
a tired driver is a dangerous driver
a tired driver can be a dangerous as a drunk driver
Maggie’s Law, which was enacted in 2003 makes it illegal to knowingly drive a vehicle while impaired by lack of sleep
This law establishes driving while fatigued as reckless under the vehicular homicide statute

11. Highway Hypnosis highway hypnosis is a trance like state
This may be avoided by not looking at one object for more than a few seconds
It is recommended that a motorist rest every two hours and share the driving with another licensed driver

12. Communicating and Driving
Communicate with other motorists by all available means and signals
Turn signals ( hand signals) allow a motorists to tell what he/she is going to do
At night a quick flip of the headlights from low to high and back to low might be helpful

13. Tailgating
A motorist should always keep a safe distance from other vehicles on the road
This give plenty of time to react in an emergency
Tailgating refers to following too closely behind a vehicle directly in front of you
Tailgating is often the cause of rear end collisions

14. One Car Length
Although there is no perfect rule for following distance, the rule of thumb is one car length for every 10mph
At high speeds or bad weather, following distance should be increased

15. Three Second Rule
Since most people having trouble judging distance, the three second rule helps determines a safe following distance
Find a fixed object on the road
When that vehicle passes the object begin counting
If you do not have enough space slow down.

16. Changing Lanes and Passing
ALWAYS SIGNAL LANE CHANGES
only change lanes or pass when necessary
Keep a safe following distance
Check traffic ahead and behind
When pavement marking permits
Signal every lane change

17. Wet Roads Drive slowly Three second plus rule should increase
Quick turns or changes can cause you to skid
** road surfaces are the most slippery during the first few minutes of a rainfall
When driving through a puddle make sure you pump to test and dry your brakes

18. Hydroplaning
Wet roads can cause hydroplaning, or riding on the film of water starting at 35 mph
This would cause you to loose control over the vehicle
After 55 mph, tires may leave the road surface entirely
This makes stopping or turning impossible

19. Snow and Ice
Before driving in cold weather, start the engine and let it warm up
All snow and ice must be removed from the entire vehicle
Gently apply the brakes when you first begin driving to judge how slipper the roads are
**A good rule is to keep a 6 second following distance on snow or ice roads

20. Snow and Ice Snow tires typically do not provide good traction on ice
Chains are the best for traction
In NJ, motorist may use studded snow tires or chains between November 15 – April 1
When driving on snow and ice keep the engine speed and gear low

21. Reduced Visibility Head lights should be kept on low in the fog. Why?
Sun visors should be adjusted and used on sunny days with intense glare

22. Night Driving
Nearly 90% of driving decisions are based upon what motorist sees at night drive with headlights on at dusk, night and dawn
Be able to stop within the distance you can see ahead.
At a speed of 60mph stopping distance will be 359 feet.**

23. City Driving Heavier traffic and more pedestrians in these areas
Increase 3 second rule to 12 seconds

24. Construction and Work Zones
In NJ, traffic fines double for motor violations committed in an area of roadway construction zones.
Detour is an another roadway to bypass the roadwork

25. Skids
A motorist should handle a skid in both front wheel and rear wheel drive vehicles the same way
If the rear of the vehicle starts to slide, a motorist should take his/her foot off the gas pedal
A vehicle may spin if the steering wheel is quickly turned away from the direction of the skid
To avoid a spin, the motorist should turn in the direction the rear of the vehicle is skidding without over steering
During a skid avoid using brakes

26. Running off the Pavement
If a vehicle’s wheels drift onto the shoulder of the road, do not try to turn back onto the pavement right away
This might throw the vehicle off balance
A motorist should stay on the shoulder and ease up on the gas pedal
After the vehicle has slowed down to 25 mph or less, the motorist may turn back onto the road

27. Tire Blowout
Hold the steering wheel firmly and keep vehicle straight while gradually slowing down
Remove your foot from the gas pedal but don’t use the brakes!

28. Gas Pedal Problems pg. 95
If a gas pedal sticks, keep eyes on the road and quickly shift into neutral.**

29. Hood Latch Failure
If the vehicles hood suddenly flies up the motorist should…
Slow down immediately
Try to look under the hood or out the window to try and pull over as soon possible

30. Last Minute Choices pg. 96
If a collision looks possible…..Stop, Turn, or Speed up
Driving off the road, rather than skidding, this gives the motorist more control over the vehicle
The motorist should choose to hit something that gives way such as a bush or shrubs rather than something hard
Choose to hit something moving in the same direction rather than opposite direction

31. What To Do In Case of a Collision
If a motorist witnesses or is involved in a collision he/she should follow these tips:
1. Stop the vehicle
2. Remain calm
3. Assume the worst and get help ( notify the police, call and ambulance)
4. Wait at the scene, but try not to block traffic
5. Ask for assistance from passing motorist if needed

32. Reporting Accidents
NJ law requires motorists to notify the police of accidents where there is injury, death, or vehicle property damage
When damage to property is more than $500 or there is personal injury, a motorist must:
Send a written report to the MVC within 10 days if no police report is filed by police. A motorist can get a written copy of the report from police

33. Reporting Accidents
Notify his/her insurance company at once, giving complete information about the accident
If the motorist is shaken up, he/she should see a doctor as soon as possible