1. What is National Defense?

2. Congressional Power US Constitution Article One, Section 8 “To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years; To provide and maintain a navy; To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces;”

3. The Federal Budget

4. Federal Budget Process and Schedule Jan-Feb: Pres. submits budget to Congress Mid-Feb: CBO submits report to Congress Mid-March: Committees Report Mid-April: Completion of Budget resolution June: Appropriations Bills completed in House July: Pres. Gives mid-session review September: Budget passed by Congress October 1: Fiscal year begins

5. Fiscal Years Budget for 2017 Submitted to Congress January 2016 Passed by Congress in September 2016 Fiscal 2017 – Begins October 1, 2016 – Ends September 30, 2017

6. Numbers FY 2014 Federal Budget 3,778,000,00022% of GDP DoD Budget 526,600,0003% of GDP All defense $ 615,000,0004% of GDP All defense $17 % of federal budget (Historical Tables) FY 2014 Summary

7. FY 2016 Budget Interactive Budget Historical Tables from FY 2016 Budget Historical Tables DoD Budget Fact Sheet FY 2016 DoD Budget Fact Sheet

9. Defense as % of Federal Budget

12. Federal Budget Historical

13. Federal Budget Projections

14. Defense Budget Process The White House: National Security Strategy of the US National Security Strategy of the US DoD: Defense Strategic GuidanceStrategic Guidance, QDR, JCS, Services, Combatant Commanders QDR W.H. Office of Management and Budget Budget Submission Budget Submission and Annual Report to Congress of SecDef CONGRESS

15. DoD Budget in Congress Three Phases 1.Congressional Budget Resolution (February- April) 2.Authorization (Spring/Summer) 3.Appropriations (Summer/Fall)

16. 1. Congressional Budget Resolution Early February: President submits Budget Committees in Congress: until April Budget Committee reports CBR April 15 – Senate Budget Committee Senate Budget Committee – House Budget Committee House Budget Committee

17. 2. Authorization House Armed Services Committees Senate Armed Services Committee National Defense Authorization Act (FY 2013)(FY 2013) National Defense Authorization Act (FY 2014)(FY 2014) National Defense Authorization Act (FY 2015)(FY 2015) (passed December 2014) FY 2015 Information and Hearings (SASC)Information and Hearings

18. 3. Appropriations Defense Subcommittee of House Appropriations Committee Defense Subcommittee of House Appropriations Committee Defense Subcommittee of Senate Appropriations Committee Defense Subcommittee of Senate Appropriations Committee Defense Appropriations Act (FY 2013)(FY 2013) Defense Appropriations Act (FY 2014)(FY 2014) Consolidated Appropriations FY 2014 Defense Appropriations Act (FY 2015)(FY 2015)

19. Two Year Budget Cycle 2017: Off Year: New Pres. makes adjustments to previous President’s budget 2018: On year: President submits first budget that is really his/hers 2019: Off year: Pres. Submits adjustments to the two year budget 2020: On year: Whose Budget?

20. What’s in the DoD Budget? By Appropriations Title% of FY 15 1.Military Personnel27% 2.Operations and Maintenance40% 3.Procurement18% 4.RDT&E13% 5.Military Construction1% 6.Family Housing.2% 7.Revolving and Management Funds.2%

21. What’s in the DoD Budget? By Military Department% of FY 2015 Army24% Navy30% Air Force28% Defense-Wide18%

22. FY 2015 Breakdown by Service (as % of Service Budget) CategoryArmyNavyAir Force Military Personnel47%31%25% O and M35%31%33% Procurement12%25%24% RDT&E6%11%16% The RestUnder 1%About 2%

23. Total Force Policy and the All- Volunteer Force (1973) Army Active Army Reserve and Guard Navy Active Navy Reserve USMC Active USMC Reserve Air Force Active Air Reserve and Guard FY 2015 (1,000s) 4905523245718239310172

24. Active and Guard Component FY 2015 Army Active Army National Guard Air Force Active Air Force National Guard Brigade Combat Teams 3228NA Air: Combat Aviation Brigades (Army) Squadrons (Air Force) 1183620

25. Iraq Deployments 2005 (From Linwood B. Carter. “Iraq: Summary of U.S. Forces.” CRS Nov. 28, 2005“Iraq: Summary of U.S. Forces.” ArmyNavyUSMCAir ForceTotal Active78,4902,31520,6007,559108,964 Reserve10,3206502,27466513,909 Guard34,66244735,109 Total123,4722,96522,8748,671157,982 49,018 (Guard and Reserve: 31%)