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LINUX EMBEDDED SYSTEMS TRENDS Steven C. Zupfer 07/15/02
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Agenda Major Linux trends Embedded systems market Embedded systems requirements changing Linux embedded systems Embedded Linux Consortium Embedded Linux advantages & disadvantages Embedded v. Realtime Survey Results Summary References
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Major Linux Trends Vendor rivalry – Oracle, IBM, SAP promoting Linux competitive position v. Microsoft Component chaos – underlying OS less important. Linux viewed component-based Appliance computing - Embedded arena International computing – China & Mexico want to catch up quickly. Less knowledge base. Collegiate computing – Linux very familiar
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Embedded Systems 80% of microprocessors go to embedded computing applications (v. desktop appls) Examples: telecom, industrial control, consumer electronics, retail POS autom, military sys, avionics, medical equip 50% of embedded device mfr develop & maintain their own in-house developed proprietary OS –Finely tuned functionality, Low resource use –Not flexible, Not powerful for complex appls of network connections, incompatible with Internet Protocol (IP), Costly
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Embedded Sys Requirements Changing Embedded devices are everywhere –All Embedded – 1999 $.9B to 2003 $1.6B Networking technologies to communicate over the Internet Device application complexity growing Cost reduction – every penny counts in competitive markets Time-to-market critical to beat competition Open source code wanted – understand, tweak
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Linux Embedded Systems Linux embedded sys near zero in ’98, ’99 12% Linux embedded sys in ’00 for 4 th place in non-in-house dev. embedded OS 38% - 45% of embedded sys developers consider for new projects – 2 nd only to mkt leader, Wind River’s VxWorks Embedded Linux Consortium formed 3/02 Main competitors: In-house developed OS & Windows CE
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Embedded Linux Consortium Formed in March 2002 To promote use of Linux in embedded sys Working on certification program – any certified application works on any certified embedded Linux distribution Members include: Intel, Motorola, Sony, Sharp, Red Hat
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Linux Embedded Systems Advantages Superb reputation for reliability and robustness Stable Inexpensive Broad range of development tools by embedded world standards Lots of embedded sys drivers readily available Extensive documentation
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Linux Embedded Systems Advantages Especially attractive to non-realtime dedicated OS, e.g. set-top boxes, embedded servers Where primary issues are economics and time-to-market –Increasingly, software cost is primary embedded sys cost component –Software development is major scheduling bottleneck
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Linux Embedded Systems Advantages Open Source - any one can understand and modify it to needs Linux modular structure (Windows is not) –Full Linux: 10MB –Trim Linux: floppy disk
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Linux Embedded Systems Disadvantages Not Realtime system, e.g. process control, mission critical applications Linux size – but resources on embedded sys is growing as processor & memory prices fall Not always single vendor support Lack of Standards – So, ELC working on cert program for embedded versions of Linux
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“Embedded” v. “Realtime” Distinction is important to Linux Realtime sys need “determinacy” – i.e. guarantee a given operation will be completed in a given time period Embedded sys includes “soft realtime,” or “near-realtime” – where critical time period is long enough to be met Linux designed to allow “interrupt” of processes and not for “determinacy”
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“Embedded” v. “Realtime” Linux is not a realtime sys but, can be modified to meet “soft realtime” constraints But, groups are developing true realtime Linux versions through add-on modules
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Survey Results
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Embedded OS – 2001 sort
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Embedded OS – 2002 Projected
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Summary Embedded sys is a growth market Device mfrs moving from in-house developed embedded OS to outsourced Linux has good reputation in marketplace Linux embedded sys trends - potential #1 outsourced embedded OS within a couple of years
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References www.infoworld.com/articles/op/xml/00/08/14/000814opvi zard.xmlwww.infoworld.com/articles/op/xml/00/08/14/000814opvi zard.xml www.linuxdevices.com/articles/AT3611822672.html www.linuxdevices.com/articles/AT8151978006.html www.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-2000-05/lw-05- embedded.htmlwww.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-2000-05/lw-05- embedded.html www.zdnet.com.au/printfriendly?AT=2000029592- 20265353www.zdnet.com.au/printfriendly?AT=2000029592- 20265353 www.linuxdevices.com/articles/AT4705998392.html www.linuxdevices.com/articles/AT2492406168.html
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