1. Diabetes
Are you at risk?

2. What is diabetes?
Insulin is a chemical, naturally produced in the pancreas, that helps the body process and use sugar for energy
Energy to sustain normal body processes – breathing, blood circulation, digestion
Energy for us to move, exercise and otherwise function through the day

3. What is diabetes? Diabetes means that the pancreas doesn’t…
…produce any insulin (Type I Diabetes )
…produce enough insulin (Type II Diabetes)
There are other types of diabetes that we diagnose and treat, but the most common are Type I and II.

4. Type I Diabetes Usually starts before age 40
Usually very abrupt onset of disease
Because the pancreas produces virtually no insulin, the only treatment is insulin replacement
Much less common that Type II

5. Type II Diabetes Usually starts when people are older
Although the average age of onset is getting younger
Does not usually start abruptly – this develops over years
Many therapies to treat
Diet and exercise
Medications (oral)
Medications (injectable), including insulin replacement
New research – cell transplants, “the artificial pancreas,” new medications, etc.

6. Quick Stats from the American Diabetes Association
In 2012, 29.1 million Americans with Diabetes (9.3%)
8.1 million of those are NOT diagnosed yet
Approximately 25% of people over 65 have diabetes
86 million (age 20+) have pre-diabetes
7th leading cause of death in the United States

7. Quick Stats from the American Diabetes Association
Diabetes causes many other problems in adulthood
About 70% of diabetics have problems with blood pressure and cholesterol
About 29% of diabetics (age 40+) have diabetic retinopathy (can lead to blindness)
1.8 times more likely to be hospitalized due to a heart attack
1.5 times more likely to be hospitalized due to a stroke
44% of new kidney failure cases are due to diabetes
60% of limb amputations (non-trauma) occur in diabetics

8. Quick Stats from the American Diabetes Association
Cost is incredible - $245 billion in 2012 – includes direct medical costs and the cost of lost productivity
Medical expenditures for diabetics are 2.3 times higher than for non-diabetics

9. Increasing numbers of diabetic patients is putting a significant burden on the healthcare system
We need to recognize patients earlier
We need to be better at treating patients and encouraging them to be compliant
We need to work at prevention and education

10. Know the Risk Factors Age (over 45)
History of gestational diabetes when pregnant, or have a high birth-weight baby
Heredity
High blood pressure
Sedentary lifestyle, lack of exercise
Overweight/obese
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Certain ethnicities – Latino, Native American, African American and others

11. Doing our part today…
At the 2014 Women’s Expo we are offering a Blood Glucose Screening test
Suggested to be fasting for 8 hours, but we can test if you have already eaten today

12. Screening test results
(fasting) Normal test. Likelihood of diabetes is low
> 100 (fasting) Elevated test result. See your provider for further advice
>200 (non-fasting) See your provider for further advice

13. Diagnosing Diabetes For those that have results 100-125
May be considered a “pre-diabetic”
Your provider will be watching your numbers more frequently
May start some medications to delay onset of disease
Will discuss strategies for prevention or how to delay onset

14. Prevention for PreDiabetics
Does not mean that you will automatically develop diabetes
Early recognition and treatment can restore blood sugar levels to normal
Lower your risk 58%
Losing 7% of body weight (15 pounds for 200 pound person)
Exercising moderately (30 minutes/day x 5 days per week)

15. Diagnosing Diabetes
Usually diagnosed when someone has 2 or more fasting blood sugars over 126
Or if you have one high blood sugar and signs and symptoms of diabetes
Frequently thirsty or urinating often
Unexplained fatigue
Blurry vision
Slow healing wounds
Numbness or tingling in the feet or hands

16. Diagnosing Diabetes Your provider may do some additional lab tests
Hemoglobin A1C – looks at blood sugar control over the past few months
Glucose Tolerance Test – checks how your body processes a large amount of sugar
Treatment and diagnosis is determined by looking at each patient individually
Not everyone will have the same tests or get the same treatment plan

17. Diabetes Prevention
Cannot control several things – heredity, age, ethnicity
Control the things you can
Weight
Diet
Blood pressure
Activity

18. Living with Diabetes Early detection Early and effective treatment
Consultation with support staff – dietician, diabetes educator, etc.
Education
Follow-up with your provider for close monitoring
Support

19. Living with Diabetes
Well-controlled and monitored diabetes can prevent or significantly delay the onset of complications
Despite your best efforts, sometimes the disease advances and the treatment plan needs to change
Need to stay in communication with your clinic to have the best results!

20. Myth: eating too much sugar causes diabetes
Being overweight can contribute to diabetes
Weight gain is typically not just from eating too much sugar
However…sugared beverages are contributing to diabetes
Regular soda, energy drinks, fruit juices, sweet tea, etc.
Make lower sugar choices – water, flavored waters, diet sodas, low sugar juices

21. Myth: Diabetics need special foods
A diabetic diet can include anything that non-diabetics eat
Healthy choices are suggested for everyone
Low fat, moderate sugars, lean protein, whole grains, healthy fats, etc.
Portion control is the key –whether you are diabetic or not

22. Myth: Diabetic can’t have sweets
You can have sweets! It’s all a part of balancing your diet for control of nutrients and carbohydrates
Portion control
Making choices

23. Resources American Diabetic Association
Medline/National Institutes of Health
Ask us!