1. Branche Développement Le présent document contient des informations qui sont la propriété de France Télécom. L'acceptation de ce document par son destinataire implique, de la part de ce dernier, la reconnaissance du caractère confidentiel de son contenu et l'engagement de n'en faire aucune reproduction, aucune transmission à des tiers, aucune divulgation et aucune utilisation commerciale sans l'accord préalable écrit du CNET CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D1 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Going Wireless : Broadband Architectures and Systems Erwan Bigan, France Telecom - BD/CNET Work carried out by EURESCOM Project P614 Task 3 participants : Telenor, Sonera (Task leader), Telecom Ireland, DTAG Berkom, France Telecom

2. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D2 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Outline Radio access specifics Broadband radio access : technologies, deployment scenarios Evolution of broadband radio access 1 Mbit/s 25-50 Mbit/s n*2 Mbit/s

3. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D3 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Radio Access Specifics Good things –Potentially, lower cost than wired techniques depending on the environment and subscriber distribution –Invest as you grow –Fast deployment

4. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D4 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Radio Access Specifics Issues –Spectrum availability A number of frequency bands for broadband radio access : 3,5 GHz, 10 GHz, 26 GHz, 28 GHz, 40 GHz,... Harmonization effort from CEPT, but regulations vary from country to country Operator must secure frequency allocation

5. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D5 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Radio Access Specifics Issues –Propagation Rain attenuation at high frequencies –Higher bit rates => wider bandwidths => higher frequencies Above 10 GHz, line-of-sight is required –Only partial coverage –Accurate prediction of coverage area is required for planning and marketing

6. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D6 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Radio Access Specifics Issues –Lack of maturity and standardisation Narrowband WLL –Market ~1-2 million lines today, primarily for rural areas in developing countries –Standardised (DECT) and proprietary systems Broadband WLL –Market : trials with few tens of customers, few commercial networks –Proprietary systems –Recent industrial take-overs : HP by Lucent, BNI by Nortel, TI by Bosch Telecom Inc.,...

7. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D7 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Broadband Radio Access Technologies Fixed –Two-way systems Terrestrial access : point-to-point (PP), point-to-multipoint (PMP, LMDS) Broadband satellite : Teledesic –Broadcasting systems : fast Internet access possible with POTS return channel Satellite TV Terrestrial : MMDS, digital TV Mobile –UMTS, Mobile Broadband System (MBS) –Radio LAN

8. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D8 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Broadband Radio Access Technologies : Fixed MMDS, MVDS 2,5 GHz, 40 GHz 1 Mbit/s TV, Internet (POTS return link) ~6 million customers worldwide LMDS 28 GHz, 40 GHz 2 Mbit/s Small and Medium-sized businesses Trials, few commercial networks (~ tens of customers) broadband PMP 3,5 GHz, 10,5 GHz, 26 GHz 25-50 Mbit/s Internet, ISDN, leased lines,... ~ Full Service Access Network In development, trials n*2 Mbit/s

9. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D9 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Fixed Radio Access : Deployment Scenarios

10. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D10 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Fixed Radio Access : Deployment Scenarios cost per customer = (BS cost/# of customers per BS) + CPE cost –Range : The higher the range, the lower the cost per customer (provided there is no capacity limitation) P-MP cheaper than P-P only if there are enough customers to bring the shared base station cost down MMDS cheaper than LMDS for Internet access, but requires POTS return channel –CPE cost : should be comparable to the incremental cost per customer of alternative access techniques (e.g. pair of ADSL modems vs. LMDS CPE)

11. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D11 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Broadband Radio Access Technologies : RLANs Primarily designed for indoor business environments, butoutdoor scenarios may be envisioned Range 50-100 m Wired LAN IEEE 802.11 2,4 GHz 1-2 Mbit/s Off-the-shelf Hiperlan t1 5 GHz 25 Mbit/s Products 1999-2000 Gross bit rate Maturity

12. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D12 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 RLANs : Deployment Scenarios License-free point-to-point radio relay –Directional antenna at each end Fixed wireless Internet access –Directional antenna at the CPE Wireless Internet access from portable terminals in «hot spots» (airports, exhibitions halls, gas stations,...)

13. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D13 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 RLANs : Deployment Scenarios Regulatory issues –Power limitations may reduce the range : ETSI has more stringent rules than FCC –Outdoor vs. indoor use 2.4 GHz in public places may be prohibited (e.g. France) 5.2 GHz : sharing with MSS will likely restrict Hiperlan t1 to indoor environments Architectural issues –Developments required to interface current RLANs with public networks (authentication, billing, interconnection with wired networks,...)

14. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D14 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Evolution of Broadband Radio Access : Standardisation DAVIC –LMDS standard finalised in 1996 ETSI –DVB-RC : a close alternative to DAVIC LMDS, finalised in 1998 –BRAN Hiperaccess : targeted level of standardisation still unclear (interoperability vs. mere coexistence) Hiperlan type 2 : standard to be finalised in 1999 –5 GHz, ~20 Mbit/s, COFDM PHY : likely convergence with IEEE 802.11 –ATM, IP, and UMTS bearer services

15. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D15 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Evolution of Broadband Radio Access : Standardisation IEEE 802.11 –5 GHz, ~20 Mbit/s, COFDM PHY : likely convergence with Hiperlan t2 –2.4 GHz, 10 Mbit/s ATM Forum –Mobility support (handover, location) on wired ATM networks

16. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D16 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Evolution of Broadband Radio Access: Issues for further study Hybrid fiber radio systems –Seamless integration of PON and radio access through direct optical / microwave conversion (e.g. ACTS FRANS project) Stratospheric platforms –Better coverage and lower rain attenuation than LMDS (high elevation angle) –Lower delay and better link margin than LEO due to lower altitude (~ 20 km) –Airship technology remains to be demonstrated

17. Branche Développement CNET La communication de ce document est soumise à autorisation du CNET © France Télécom - (IDEE_rbl) - D17 - 1/10/2014 TRIBAN WORKSHOP Bern 17-19 November 1998 Conclusion Fast deployment, «invest as you grow» = key advantages for new operators More work required on the economics of broadband radio access Operators should promote further standardisation, to help bringing this technology to maturity