1. All things DBE… Francois Kapp Sub-system Manager: DBE Francois.kapp@ska.ac.za On behalf of the DBE team present and past... S Rajan, E Bauermeister, A Rust, L Sofeya, P Gibbs, S Malan, W New, R van Rooyen, A Barta, A Martens, J Manley, P Prozesky, V Moss, D George

2. What we do…

3. Outline Context CASPER HW Tools SW Tools Community KAT-7 KAT-7 DBE MeerKAT MeerKAT Requirements MeerKAT System Architecture Aspects MeerKAT Cost MeerKAT Schedule

4. Context We are engineers…

5. Context We use acronyms like: PCB, FPGA, ROACH, MSSGE, PFB, ADC, DBE…

6. Context We typically add them together… += +=

7. Context and we keep doing this… + =

8. Context And sometimes we use multiplication… 16 x =

9. CASPER – Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research Started at U.C. Berkeley Trying to create the “PC” of RA Re-configurable computing Use low cost commodity hardware (common to many observatories) Develop few platforms quickly Upgrade often Accelerate the application development CASPER

10. CASPER Generic Architecture

11. ROACH

12. CASPER and ROACH

13. CASPER, ROACH and MIC?

14. ROACH in the future

15. CASPER SW/FW/GW Tools..1 MSSGE Toolflow Matlab/Simulink/System Generator/Embedded Development Kit But… Current Matlab/Simulink tool-flow is becoming unstable and is not scaling well with FPGA size -> we need a new solution MyHDL: Python based tool to simulate python code and convert it to Verilog or VHDL Designing a set of DSP libraries using combination of Verilog and MyHDL (Python) Implementing a Python framework to manage design simulation and synthesis of Radio Astronomy Instruments on FPGA hardware Wesley New - poster

16. CASPER SW/FW/GW Tools..2 SPEAD Streaming Protocol for Exchange of Astronomical Data High “speed” data protocol https://casper.berkeley.edu/wiki/SPEAD KATCP A text based language for devices on the KAT network Now: ?request, !reply, #inform Future: would like to describe complex tasks in KATCP fashion Need: A way to describe tasks (statemachines) An Interpreter Sets of modules containing operations and conditions Meet ?sm – Adam Barta to handle a proper introduction – poster

17. CASPER SW/FW/GW Tools..3 BORPH Berkeley Operating system for ReProgrammable Hardware http://www.eee.hku.hk/~hso/borph.html Corr – Python library for CASPER packetised Correlators Linux Driver work Automated Gateware Discovery Using Open Firmware Research framework to describe FPGA designs, facilitate detection by OS, interaction using conventional device drivers. Specific to KAT digital backends Provides an alternative approach to reduce time and effort spent on writing software for each piece of gateware generated Shanly Rajan – talk

18. https://casper.berkeley.edu/ Workshops, mini workshops, mailing lists and friendly ghosts CASPER Community

22. KAT-7 ASC 22

23. Inside KAT-7 ASC Network Switch Fibre Patch Panels RFE Stage 7 DBE ROACH Board CSS Sun Servers GPS Rubidium Clock

24. KAT-7 DBE

25. MeerKAT

26. MeerKAT – Phases Phase 1 (current planning) Phase 2 Estimated completion date20162018 Frequency bands (GHz)1-1.75 0.58 – 1.015 8-14.5 RF bandwidth (MHz)8506500 Sampling frequency (GSPS)~2~15? Processed bandwidth (MHz)8506500? Max baseline (km)850? All current planning for phase1 – funded, well defined Subsequent phases not finalized, but considered in design Phase 2 Added Receivers (frequency upgrade) Added antennae (baseline upgrade)

27. MeerKAT Subsystems on antenna Antenna structures Receivers Digitiser ? Move the Digitisation up the signal chain and onto the Antenna (close to the feed) Feed selector Sub-arrays mean that different feeds can be selected on different antennae Signals transported to the KAPB digitally Time and Frequency References to be distributed

28. MeerKAT DBE

29. MeerKAT Digitiser

30. MeerKAT TFR Time and Frequency Reference Sub-system Distributes a Reference Clock and Synchronisation Pulse For phase 2: Must compensate for thermal and mechanical effects in fibre Buried 1m deep, but exposed at antenna Cable wrap effects Measure round-trip phase Compensate by controlling clock phase or in correlator

32. MeerKAT DBE Cost

33. MeerKAT DBE Cost..2

34. MeerKAT Schedule

35. 2013 – Dish 1 Start with ROACH2 based test system, prototype Digitiser Build up to: 5 (end 2014, ROACH2) 20 (end 2015, ROACH2) Full 64 (2016, ROACH3) ROACH3 into production – 2013 Final Digitiser Qualification 2013 System acceptance end 2016 And then there’s phase 2... And SKA?