1. Aims of session To explore the language and skills learnt in Rushen Primary School relating to number.: number bonds, partitioning, times tables, decimals, fractions,

2. Number bonds Number bonds - a pair of numbers to make a total. Children start of with number bonds to 10 such as 1 + 9 =10 and all other pairs, as well as in the inverse 2 + ? = 10. Other number bond patterns - all addition and subtraction facts to 10 ie 3 + 4, facts to 100 (starting with those that end in 5 or 0), facts to 1000 (starting with multiples of 50 or 100) fraction bonds to make 1.0 ie 0.2 + 0.8, fractions to make 1. Would be expected to be able to do these quickly to be confident so that they know them with instant recall.

3. Partitioning Partitioning - separating values within a number.  Partition 25 means separate into 20 (2 tens)and 5 (5 units or ones).  Use of names - units / ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, ten thousands, hundred thousands, million, tenth, hundredth, thousandth.  Can be written under place value columns or written as 20 + 5 = 25.  Understanding place value and meaning of numbers is a vital skill.

4. Times Tables / Multiplication facts. Start off learning two times tables, build up to 5 and 10. By Year 5 should really know all times tables facts (10x10) and the related division facts, - vital tool in many other areas of maths. Basics: Children learn to count in equal steps from 0 and then we slowly introduce the language 2 lots of, always using apparatus until concepts are secure, then building onto abstract thinking.

5. Decimals Decimals used to show values less than one - can be known as a decimal fraction. First introduced with measures and money, contexts children know. e.g. £1.50, where the 0.50 is less than a pound and is five lots of ten, we link this concept to the tenths column to the right of the decimal point. Extend to hundredths and then thousandths. Be able to add, subtract multiply and divide

6. Fractions - what are they? Part of a whole. A number written with the top part (the numerator) telling how many you have. and the bottom part (the denominator) telling you how many parts the whole is divided into, 1212

7. Language of fractions Language of fractions is used all around children, “here’s my half.” “I’ll cut this cake into equal parts for the four of us.” etc We would encourage correct use of terms from early on - not “my half is bigger than yours!” simple fraction Mixed Number Improper Fraction Equivalent Fraction Lowest common denominator

8. Simple fractions Simple fractions are the common fractions such as 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 8 10

9. Equivalent fractions Equivalent fractions are fractions that are equal in size but have a different denominators or numerators. 1 = 2 2 4 There are many more, use of fraction wall.

10. Mixed Numbers & Improper fractions Mixed numbers and improper fractions show values where there are more than one whole being shown. Two and a half pieces is the same as 5 halves 1 5 2 2 =

11. Changing fractions to a common denominator When fractions are to be ordered or added than they need to have the same denominator (link to equivalent fractions) 3 1 1 1 7 becomes 6 1 4 2 7 4 8 2 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 is the common denominator as all denominators are in the times table. If this is not obvious then multiply the denominators to find a common denominator.

12. Ordering fractions To order fractions of the same denominator we need to look at the numerator. 6 1 4 3 7 8 8 8 8 8 Smallest to largest 1 3 4 6 7 8 8 8 8 8

13. Ordering fractions To order fractions with different denominators we need to convert all fractions to the lowest common denominator. 3 1 1 1 7 becomes 6 1 4 2 7 4 8 2 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 Smallest to largest 1 2 4 6 7 and then 1 1 1 3 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 4 2 4 8

14. Ordering fractions

15. As a fraction is a division of a whole then we use division to find a fraction of amounts. Finding a half means dividing by 2 - to make two equal sized groups. 1 ÷ 4 1 ÷ 3 1 ÷ 5 4 3 5 ie divide by the denominator. Finding fractions of an amount or quantities.

16. To find fractions such 2/3 then we need to find a third and then multiply this by 2. 2 of 12 = 1 is 4 x 2 = 8 3 Finding fractions of an amount or quantities.

17. To find fractions such 2/3 then we need to find a third and then multiply this by 2. 2 of 12 = 1 (12 ÷ 3) is 4 then x 2 = 8 3 Divide by denominator and then multiply this by the numerator. Finding fractions of an amount or quantities.

18. Showing fractions as decimals and vice versa. 1 is equal to 0.5 as it is half of 1 or a whole one. 2 1 is equal to 0.25 as it is quarter of 1 or a whole. 4 Other decimal equivalents are explored and later on fractions are expressed as decimal by making them out of 100 - or using a calculator.