1. The Letterbox
by Ann Marie Di Mambro

2. The Letterbox It gives nothing away about the content of the play
Significance of the title
It gives nothing away about the content of the play
This reflects the efforts of the protagonist to give nothing away to society about her situation.
A letterbox connects us to the wider world through mail. We cannot see the sender. Martha is sending verbal messages to Wendy loaded with significance about the complexities of adult relations which the little girl does not fully comprehend. She cannot see the whole picture.
In a letter you might have to read between the lines. In Martha’s spoken words you have to “read between the lines” because she is not being wholly honest and we have to guess at Wendy’s words.

3. The Letterbox “Jack and Jill” frame the monologue
This device represents wider society
They choose to ignore Martha
Their relationship contrast with Martha’s plight.
Jack and Jill are happy, carefree stereotypical lovers.
However, the nursery rhyme itself is quite violent, but the violence is trivialised by the regular rhythm.
Violence in Martha’s life is not trivial, it is brutal
Her domestic reality does not conform to society’s expectation of the happy family.

4. The Letterbox Discuss the significance of the names of “Jack and Jill”
Discuss how they are used to contrast ideals and promises of romance with the brutal realities of abusive relationships
Their parts are very short – discuss what their presence adds to the play
Discuss what would be lost were we to ignore their contribution
Discuss how the snapshot of their behaviour hints at how romantic relationships start
Discuss what Jack’s final “pissed” comment suggests about wider male attitudes to violence and women

5. The Letterbox The husband is sleeping like a baby. Discuss why:
Is he oblivious to the impact of his actions?
Is he in a drunken stupor?
How far does he think he has a right to abuse his family?
How widespread do you think these attitudes are in our society?
What point is the playwright trying to get across about male attitude’s here?

6. The Letterbox Does Martha think he has a right to treat her this way?
How far is the author suggesting that Martha is responsible for her own plight?
What do you think?
Do some background thinking to support your understanding of the text.

7. The Letterbox
List all of Martha’s reasons or excuses for her husband’s violence towards her:
For each, decide:
Whether Martha really believes it or
whether Martha is saying it to comfort her daughter
whether Martha is saying it out of fear of consequences

8. The Letterbox
Martha exhorts her daughter, Wendy, not to tell anyone about the incident
What reasons does she give?
For each decide if the reason is valid or just an excuse
List all of the reasons that Wendy has to tell somebody
List all of the reasons that she has to keep quiet.

9. The Letterbox
Martha also tries to downplay the seriousness of the abuse that she has suffered
List all of the ways that she seeks to assure Wendy that the abuse is not serious:
For each try and decide:
whether it reflects her own genuine belief or
is motivated by her desire to reassure her daughter
is motivated by fear of the consequences of telling Wendy the truth

10. The Letterbox: Themes Domestic Violence Female Solidarity Child Abuse
The Letterbox is a short monologue.
Domestic Violence
Female Solidarity
Child Abuse
Denial
Society being Judgemental and ignoring truth

11. The Letterbox : Themes Domestic Abuse: Research task
Find statistics to show the prevalence ( how commonly it occurs) of Domestic Abuse in Scotland
Find some evidence of organisations which are set up to tackle Domestic Abuse
Find evidence of any strategies that are used to help end it

12. The Letterbox: Themes Female Solidarity
What does the play say about the need for women to stick together?
How is the portrayal of Jack ( basically an average decent young man) used to reveal wider attitudes amongst men?
Why do you think the playwright chooses to make the child a daughter rather than a son?
How valid is the implication here that men and women have different attitudes to violence and abuse?

13. The Letterbox: Themes Child Abuse
List the effects of her mother’s abuse on Wendy’s welfare in the play
What dangers does Wendy now face given that she is trapped inside the house with her father?
How might her mother feel that she is protecting Wendy by her reaction to the abuse by her husband?
Why might she be wrong in assuming that she is helping to protect her daughter?

14. The Letterbox: Themes Society being Judgemental and ignoring truth
What evidence do we have that the agencies involved with Wendy’s welfare are not aware of her home situation?
What evidence might there actually be that is being ignored?
Why might society choose to ignore such abuse?
What evidence do we have of attitudes to Martha and the family which reveal the judgement of others who are unaware of the truth?
What message do you think the playwright is trying to get across here about our attitudes as a society?
How well do you think she succeeds in that aim?

15. The Letterbox: Themes Denial
Denial is a strategy that is used to avoid truth and thereby avoid having to take action that would be painful.
How do Jack and Jill show evidence of denial in their actions towards Martha?
How does Martha’s monologue reveal that she is in denial over the abuse that she faces
What potentially could be the long term effect of those who could affect change being in denial about the situation?

16. The Letterbox
Past Paper Question
Choose a play in which one of the main concerns is injustice or cruelty or exploitation or betrayal. State the main concern * and go on to show how the playwright deals with this concern in such a way as to involve your sympathies.**
*Stating the main concern (the cruelty and injustice of domestic abuse) would be part of your introduction. Remember keep referring to ** throughout the essay not just at the end.

17. The Letterbox Topic Sentences:
Open each paragraph with a key or topic sentence
Develop the point made in the topic sentence (try to either use a quotation or make close reference to the text in each paragraph)
Use a closing sentence that rounds off the paragraph and perhaps points the way to the next topic.

18. Possible Topic sentences and paragraph endings.
Our sympathies are immediately engaged when we realise that the young lovers have cruelly ignored Martha who is bleeding and in pain…
The range of emotions displayed, from stoical acceptance to straightforward tearfulness, keep the audience hooked and sympathetic to Martha’s plight …
The elipses used to depict Wendy’s side of the conversation invites audience participation. We must create a voice for this character … Being a child (and a child whose words we are actively creating) trapped in a terrible situation is enough to evoke sympathy in the audience.