1. THreshold based Energy-efficient FAtigue MEasurment for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks using Multiple Sinks By : Sana Akram

2. Outline Introduction Motivation Fatigue Parameters Proposed Protocol Simulation Results Conclusion 2

3. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) A WSN consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a control center. 3

4. Applications of WSN 4

5. Wireless Body Area Sensor Network (WBASN) WBASN is a branch of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). They use tiny sensors to monitor vital signs of human being. These sensors are either wearable or implanted into a human body. 5

6. Types of WBASN 6

7. Applications of WBASN WBASN is mainly employed for patient monitoring. WBASN can also be used in many other fields like: Astronauts’ vital organ monitoring Sports Birds tracking Cattle monitoring 7

8. Motivation There is only a little research on employing WBASN in sports. In sports, like soccer, where a team of players is on the ground, it is difficult to monitors each player’s fatigue manually. So, we propose a protocol to constantly measure fatigue for each player and send live health reports to coaches and health officials during the game. 8

9. Fatigue Parameters Running speed of a player Distance covered Lactic acid level in blood 9

10. Running speed of a player Soccer match usually lasts for 90 to 100 minutes. During this time players walk, jog, run and sprint. 10

11. Distance covered There are different types of players in a soccer team. Attacking players Defensive players Mid-fielders Goal keeper A goal keeper is very less likely to be in a fatigued state because he/she covers minimum distance during the match. 11

12. Lactic acid level in blood For a normal human being the value of lactic acid level is between 4.5 to 19.8 mg/dL (0.5- 2.2 mmol/L). Where mg/dL = milligrams per deciliter and mmol/L = millimoles per liter. When this level increases from 20 mg/dL, there is a strong chance that the player is seriously injured and need proper medical care and time to heal. 12

13. Lactic acid level in blood 13

14. Proposed protocol (THE-FAME) 14

15. 15

16. THE-FAME’s Parameters In our proposed protocol we used: Two teams of 11 players each. 6 sinks on the boundary of the ground. Each player has an implanted sensor. Threshold for lactic acid level is 20 mg/dL. Reference Point Group Mobility Model (RPGM). 16

17. Compared protocol A scheme called ”Wireless sensor network for Soccer Team Monitoring [1]” (WSTM) has also done player monitoring. 17

18. Comparison THE-FAME Direct Transmission Two parameters for fatigue calculations Six sinks deployed on the boundary of ground Threshold for lactic acid and distance covered by the player WSTM Multi-hop data Transmission No specified fatigue Parameter Single sink No threshold 18

19. Energy Equations 19

20. Simulation Results All the simulations are done using Matlab. Simulations are carried out for the following parameters: Dead Nodes Total packets to sinks Packets dropped Packets received successfully Residual energy Throughput 20

21. Dead Nodes 21

22. Total packets to sinks 22

23. Packets dropped 23

24. Packets received successfully 24

25. Residual energy 25

26. Throughput 26

27. Propagation delay 27

28. Conclusion The proposed protocol ”THE-FAME” succeed in achieving: Better throughput Longer network life Lesser propagation delay More residual energy in the network It is suitable for: Any sport which requires constant monitoring of player’s health. People performing strenuous activities in their daily life. Patients with chronic muscle fatigue. 28

29. Thank You 29

30. References 1.Garcia, Miguel, et al. ”A wireless sensor network for soccer team monitoring.” Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems and Workshops (DCOSS), 2011 International Conference on. IEEE, 2011. 30