1. The Juvenile Justice System
November 17, 2014
Standards: SS8CG6

2. Definition of a Juvenile
Juveniles are citizens age ____ and under
As citizens, juveniles must follow the same __________ that all other citizens follow
Juveniles have ________________ under the law, and they have laws designed especially for them
For example, juveniles must attend _________, cannot possess alcohol, and cannot possess tobacco

3. Delinquent vs. Status Offense
A ___________________ is one that would be considered a crime if committed by an ________
Burglary and car theft are examples
A ___________________ refers to an act that would _________ be considered a crime if committed by an adult (this is called being _____________)
Being repeatedly _____________ from school is an example

4. Taken into Custody
When a juvenile commits a delinquent act or status offense and they are captured by police, they are __________________
Juveniles have the same basic ________ rights that adults have if they are arrested for a crime
One major difference is there is no ___________ in a juvenile trial; only a ___________ listens to the evidence

5. Rights of Juveniles
If a juvenile is taken into custody and charged with a crime:
They have the right to remain __________ so they don’t incriminate themselves
They have the right to an _____________
They have the right to a ________ trial
They have the right to confront and question ___________________
They have the right to have their __________ present in all hearings

6. The Juvenile Court System
Every county in Georgia has a ____________ court
The courts have _______ main purposes
To help ______________ the well-being of children
To make sure any child receives care, guidance, and control while under the jurisdiction of the court
To provide care for children who have been _______________ from their homes

7. Juvenile Court Jurisdiction
Juvenile courts have ______________ over the following:
Juveniles who commit _____________ offenses
________________ juveniles
Unruly juveniles
Juveniles under the supervision or ______________ of the court
______________ juveniles (neglected or abused by parents or guardians, or those who have no parents or guardians)
Cases involving children who need mental health services

8. Steps in the Juvenile Justice Process
There are many ___________ in the juvenile justice process
Within each step are several __________ that must be considered
Above all, the court system must make sure that ________________ is followed for the juvenile

9. Step 1: Intake
When a juvenile is taken into custody, the first step is _____________
The juvenile is turned over to an intake officer
It is the intake officer’s job to _______________ the case and decide if there is enough ________________ against the juvenile
If there is ________ enough evidence, the intake officer must _____________ the juvenile

10. Step 1, part 2: Intake and Evidence
If there is enough evidence, the intake officer has _________ choices
First, the juvenile may be released into the ______________ of their parents
Second, the juvenile may be _____________
Most juveniles are not detained in Georgia

11. Step 2: Detention
If a juvenile is detained, they are housed in one of the state’s ________________________________ (RYDC)
In special circumstances, a juvenile who is charged with an ___________ crime may be placed in an adult jail and tried by an adult court

12. Step 2, part 2: Probable Cause
If a juvenile is detained, a ____________________ hearing must be held within 72 hours
At the hearing, the judge has _________ options:
_____________ the case
Have an _________________________
Have a __________________________

13. Step 2, part 3: Informal Adjustment
An _______________________ is usually held for first-time offenders
In an informal adjustment, the juvenile must __________ the wrongdoing
The juvenile is then under the supervision of the court for _________ days
While under court supervision, the juvenile may be required to attend school regularly, attend counseling sessions, be required to pay for damages, or complete community service requirements

14. Step 3: Formal Hearing
A __________________ is held if the juvenile is a ________ offender or the crime is serious
First, the complaining __________ files a petition outlining the wrongdoing
Once the petition is filed a date is set for the formal hearing
A ___________ is issued which requires the juvenile, the parents, and any others involved in the case to attend the hearing

15. Step 3, part 2: Adjudicatory Hearing
An _____________________ is somewhat like an adult trial
The _______ hears the case against the juvenile and hears the juvenile’s defense
After listening to all evidence, the judge ___________ if the juvenile is guilty
If found _____________, the juvenile is _________________
If found _____________, the court schedules a ______________ hearing

16. Step 3, part 3: Dispositional Hearing
In a _______________________, the judge determines ________________ for the offense
At this hearing, both the prosecutor and the defense can call witnesses and present evidence that can possibly influence the judge

17. Step 4: Sentencing
In__________________, the judge may select from a number of options
Release the juvenile to the custody of the parents with _________ court supervision
Place the juvenile on ________________
Place the juvenile in a __________________ center for up to 90 days
Commit the juvenile to the Department of Juvenile Justice
Send the juvenile to a _____________ program, such as boot camp
Assign other punishments (such as fines) and special conditions of probation (attend school regularly, community service, etc.)

18. Step 5: Appeal and Extension
The juvenile has a right to _________ their case
If an appeal is won, then the juvenile is released with __________ punishment
If lost, then the sentence is __________ out
The court also has the right to _________ custody or supervision of the juvenile for up to ________ years if the juvenile is believed to not be reformed

19. Can a juvenile be tried as an adult?
In ______, the General Assembly passed an amendment to the Georgia Juvenile Code that permits youths ages ___________ who are charged with certain _________ crimes to be treated as though they were _________
These include _________, armed _________, and voluntary manslaughter (an intentional killing with no prior intent)

20. How to treat a juvenile offender as an adult
The ______________ will make the decision to transfer the juvenile to the adult court system based on the _________ of the crime and the evidence
A judge will then grant a ________ releasing the juvenile to the adult court
The process is then the _______ as for an adult (______________)
If __________ (found guilty), that person will be housed in an RYDC until they turn ____, then transferred to an “adults-only” area of the building to serve out the rest of their sentence

21. Juvenile Justice Questions
1) What is a juvenile?
2) Define delinquent act.
3) Define status offense.
4) What are examples of delinquent acts and status offenses?
5) What does it mean when a juvenile is taken into custody?
6) Who hears the evidence in a juvenile’s case?
7) What are the rights of juveniles who are taken into custody?
8) What are the 3 main purposes of juvenile courts?
9) What do juvenile courts have jurisdiction over?
10) Describe Step 1 in the juvenile justice process
11) What is the intake officer’s job?
12) What 2 choices does the intake officer have if he believes there is enough evidence?
13) Where is a juvenile kept if they are detained?
14) What 3 options does the judge have at the probable cause hearing?
15) What happens at an informal adjustment?
16) Why might a formal hearing be held?
17) What is a summons?
18) Describe the process at an adjudicatory hearing

22. Juvenile Justice Questions
19) What happens at a dispositional hearing?
20) What are the sentencing options for a juvenile judge?
21) What can happen after sentencing?
22) At what age could a juvenile potentially be tried as an adult for committing certain violent crimes?
23) What are some examples of crimes that could result in a juvenile being tried as an adult?
24) What process will a juvenile go through if they are tried as an adult?
25) What is the punishment for a juvenile is who convicted of an adult crime?

23. Juvenile Justice Questions
1) What is a juvenile?
2) Define delinquent act.
3) Define status offense.
4) What are examples of delinquent acts and status offenses?
5) What does it mean when a juvenile is taken into custody?
6) Who hears the evidence in a juvenile’s case?
7) What are the rights of juveniles who are taken into custody?
8) What are the 3 main purposes of juvenile courts?
9) What do juvenile courts have jurisdiction over?
10) Describe Step 1 in the juvenile justice process
11) What is the intake officer’s job?
12) What 2 choices does the intake officer have if he believes there is enough evidence?
13) Where is a juvenile kept if they are detained?
14) What 3 options does the judge have at the probable cause hearing?
15) What happens at an informal adjustment?
16) Why might a formal hearing be held?
17) What is a summons?
18) Describe the process at an adjudicatory hearing

24. Juvenile Justice Questions
19) What happens at a dispositional hearing?
20) What are the sentencing options for a juvenile judge?
21) What can happen after sentencing?
22) At what age could a juvenile potentially be tried as an adult for committing certain violent crimes?
23) What are some examples of crimes that could result in a juvenile being tried as an adult?
24) What process will a juvenile go through if they are tried as an adult?
25) What is the punishment for a juvenile is who convicted of an adult crime?

25. Juvenile Justice Questions
1) What is a juvenile?
2) Define delinquent act.
3) Define status offense.
4) What are examples of delinquent acts and status offenses?
5) What does it mean when a juvenile is taken into custody?
6) Who hears the evidence in a juvenile’s case?
7) What are the rights of juveniles who are taken into custody?
8) What are the 3 main purposes of juvenile courts?
9) What do juvenile courts have jurisdiction over?
10) Describe Step 1 in the juvenile justice process
11) What is the intake officer’s job?
12) What 2 choices does the intake officer have if he believes there is enough evidence?
13) Where is a juvenile kept if they are detained?
14) What 3 options does the judge have at the probable cause hearing?
15) What happens at an informal adjustment?
16) Why might a formal hearing be held?
17) What is a summons?
18) Describe the process at an adjudicatory hearing

26. Juvenile Justice Questions
19) What happens at a dispositional hearing?
20) What are the sentencing options for a juvenile judge?
21) What can happen after sentencing?
22) At what age could a juvenile potentially be tried as an adult for committing certain violent crimes?
23) What are some examples of crimes that could result in a juvenile being tried as an adult?
24) What process will a juvenile go through if they are tried as an adult?
25) What is the punishment for a juvenile is who convicted of an adult crime?