2. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Siegwart Lindenberg ICS / Department of Sociology University of Groningen The Netherlands Micro-foundations of Social Networks Part I Making behavioral theories more complex

3. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Model building Methodological individualism: actor orientation Method of decreasing abstraction Principle of sufficient complexity

4. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Interdependencies Structural (theories on generator properties of relations) Cognitive (theories on framing and categorization) Functional (theories on goals and goal achievement)

5. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Theory of goals and goal achievement Own production is central Fig. 1: Substantive goals Physical well-being Social well-being StimulationComfortStatusAffectionBehavioral confirmation

6. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Search, substitution, investment Multi- functionality Reduction of incompatibility Act appropiately Improve one’s feelings Improve quality of one’s production function To improve one’s position Fig.2: Operational goals

7. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Theory of framing Framing: cognitive steering by goals through attention Schematic depiction of foreground (blank) and background (gray) goals in framing, with (from left to right) decreasing salience that leads to a frame switch

8. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Veil Operational goal “To improve one’s condition” Operational subgoal “To improve one’s feeling” (Hedonic frame) Operational subgoal “To improve one’s scarce resources” (Gain frame) Subgoal “To act appropriately” (Normative frame) Goals and frames combined: Master frames The three master frames in their relation to the main operational goal:

9. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Theory of structure generation By product of resources and goal realization Externalities and control Joint production (with transitivity and similarity)

10. Sunbelt Conference Budapest, 25-4-2001 www.ppsw.rug.nl/~lind enb Lindenberg Networks and groups (Joint) production of well-being: Dyadic In groups Dyads in groups Structure of intergroup relations: networks of groups and groups of networks