1. Just the beginning!

2.  Walt Whitman O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done, The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won, The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring; But O heart! heart! heart! O the bleeding drops of red, Where on the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead.

3.  Emily Dickinson Because I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me; The carriage held but just ourselves And Immortality. We slowly drove, he knew no haste, And I had put away My labor, and my leisure too, For his civility. We passed the school, where children strove At recess, in the ring; We passed the fields of gazing grain, We passed the setting sun.

5.  Focused on depicting the realities of life  Reaction to the fantasy of the romantics. Opposes Idealism.  Influenced by the effects of the Civil War

6.  In the US there was a rise in technology (railroad, typewriter, telephone, light bulb, cars)  Increase in Materialism (Twain called it the “Gilded Age” or the golden age)  Writing focused on  Characters: ordinary people, ordinary experiences  Message was important  Writing for entertainment or instruction

8. Emile’s Zola stated: the ideal of the naturalist is to use a selection of truthful instances subjected to laboratory conditions in a novel where the hypotheses of the author about nature and operation of the forces at work, can be put to the test.

9.  Influenced by science: Darwin, Newton, etc.  Everything is a reaction to something else  Determinism : all events are caused by things that happened before them and that people have no real ability to make choices or control what happens.  Humans nature: struggle against natural forces  Strives to show life under a microscope, but in an objective way.

11.  Realism specific to a designated area: habits, speech, manners, history, folklore, beliefs.  Represented dialect, mannerism, speech, customs, character, etc.  Test of regionalism: it can not be placed in another area.  Influenced by the after-effects of the Civil War.  Westward expansion and railroad connecting the country

12. DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL CHARACTER TYPES  Western Miner  Cowboy  Southern Plantation owner  Southern country bumpkin  Saloon Girl

15.  In art: was a revolt against traditional technique  the author (or artist) presents materials as they appear to an individual temperament at a precise moment and from particular vantage point rather than as they are presumed to be in reality.  Artists and authors are impressed by the object (event) rather than by trying to represent the exact detail of it.

16.  Read pages 408-422 in textbook and take notes.  Youtube video’s :  Laurie Harmon  Archetype Video #1 & #2