1. Emergence of Key Themes in Section II of The Sun Also Rises

2. A. Social & Spiritual Alienation Jake feels alienated from conventional religious faith – “I regretted I was such a rotten Catholic” (103) – Prays for selfish, menial things…induces shame – “I realized there was nothing I could do” which is the refrain of impotence, motto of irresponsibility for the Lost Generation Social displacement – Still longing for the War (134, 139) and its grounding effect – The cost of expatriation (120) to the Lost Generation

3. B. Regeneration Through Nature Hem. lifelong attachment to nature/sport Pastoral descriptions resemble those of 19 th C. romantics (Wordsworth, Thoreau) – Sudden profusion of natural description (96-9; 111-4) – Syntax is soothing, peaceful, and elongated (contrast w/ urban/city) – Jake and Bill appear eager to reclaim “lost identity” in nature – Characters suddenly defined by action vs. speech…and speech has different tone, meaning in this setting Basque Culture rep. older, ritualized way of life (110-2) -Hem. The Romantic…metaphorical “Time-Travel”

4. C. Hemingway’s “Ideal Male World” Devoid of female “complications,” esp. sex and intimacy (128) Men can confide in each other w/out fear of judgment (120-1; 125) Bill understands Jake’s fragile machismo; Brett only serves to undermine his masculinity and manhood They bond quickly and naturally w/ Harris (soldier) – Scenes w/ Harris are last of the “good times” (130); w/ the return of Brett, the turmoil resumes and the “male idyll” dissipates

5. D. The Fragility and Emptiness of Friendships Other than Bill & Jake, friendships are lacking in depth and sensitivity -Jake enjoys Cohn’s discomfort (104) -overt anti-Semitic remarks (102, 107) For the Count—and Harris—relationships are real and meaningful…but no one else (141) Montoya shows respect for Jake (136-7) and his aficion…but sees right through his friends – Does he see through Jake too, or only us? (149) Last P on p. 150: “It seemed they were all such nice people.”

6. E. Metaphorical Symbolism of Bullfighting Introduction of the Steer(s): Jake and Cohn -”Two steers came in…they don’t look happy” (143) -”They’re trying to make friends” (138) -”Robert Cohn came up and joined her on the other side” (141) -”The steer who had been gored…” (145) -”’It’s no life being a steer,’ Robert Cohn said.” (145) -”He’ll behave. I’ll tell him…” (148) -”He wasn’t so tight…He sobered up afterwards.” (150) So, who are the bulls?