1. Chapter 7, Section 1
The New Immigrants

2. Through the Golden Door
Why did immigrants come to America?
Famine
Land shortages
Religious persecution
Political persecution

3. Europeans
Between 1870 and 1920, approximately 20 million Europeans arrived in the U.S. Before 1890 most immigrants came from Western and Northern Europe. Beginning in 1890 increasing numbers of immigrants came from Southern & Eastern Europe.

4. Chinese and Japanese Where were most Chinese immigrants arriving?
West Coast
Why were these immigrants coming to America?
Persecution, population, spirit of reform and revolt, and hope for independent lives
How did Hawaii influence Japanese immigration?
Where were these immigrants settling?
-West Indies (Eastern and Southeastern)
-Mexico (South west)

5. Life in the New Land
The journey: was difficult and unpleasant. Length from the Atlantic __1 week_______ Length from the Pacific ___3 weeks______ Steerage is: Cheapest accommodations in a ship’s cargo.

6. Ellis Island
What was Castle Garden? Immigration station in NY prior to Ellis Island. What took place at Ellis Island? What was Angel Island?

16. Angel Island
Where was Angel Island?

18. B – Back
C – Conjunctivitis
CT – Trachoma
E – Eyes
F – Face
FT – Feet
G – Goiter
H – Heart
K – Hernia
L – Lameness
N – Neck
P – Physical and Lungs
PG – Pregnancy
S – Senility
SC – Scalp (Favus)
SI – Special Inquiry
X – Suspected Mental defect
X (circled) – Definite signs of Mental defect

23. Immigration Restrictions
What is meant by the phrase “Melting Pot”? -a mixture of people of different cultures and races blended together by abandoning their native languages and customs. What is “nativism”? -overt favoritism toward native-born Americans What is the connection between immigrations and nativism? What was the purpose of the Literacy Test?

24. Then they were asked 29 questions including name, occupation, and the amount of money they carried with them. Generally those immigrants who were approved spent from two to five hours at Ellis Island. However more than three thousand would-be immigrants died on Ellis Island while being held in the hospital facilities. Some unskilled workers were rejected outright because they were considered "likely to become a public charge." About 2 percent were denied admission to the U.S. and sent back to their countries of origin for reasons such as chronic contagious disease, criminal background, or insanity. Ellis Island was sometimes known as "The Island of Tears" or "Heartbreak Island“ because of those 2% who were not admitted after the long transatlantic voyage.

26. Anti-Asian Sentiment
What was the purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act? This Act banned entry to all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials. What was the “Gentlemen’s Agreement”? Limited immigration with the lift of San Francisco segregation.