1. FDA-MANDATED ALTERNATIVE TO BISPHENOL-A Kristina Lenn Kevin Miles Gregory Jackett Isaac Norton August 5, 2010

2. Foreshadow  Introduction  Effects of BPA on Human Physiology  Possible Alternative Plastics to BPA  Manufacturing Analysis  Conclusion/Recommendation  Questions

3. Introduction  Nalgene water bottles  BPA usage  FDA regulations

4. Meet the Team  Kristina Lenn  Project Manager  Bachelor of Science in chemical engineering with an emphasis in biological engineering  Research on molecular modeling and computer simulation  Worked with Nalgene for one year

5. Meet the Team  Kevin Miles  Team Leader during the Project Proposal  Bachelor of Science in chemical engineering with an emphasis in biological engineering  Research on tissue engineering  Worked with Nalgene for one year

6. Meet the Team  Gregory Jackett  Team Leader during the Final Presentation  Bachelor of Science degree in chemical engineering with emphasis in molecular engineering and nanotechnology  Research on fatigue-induced muscle injury  Worked with Nalgene for one year

7. Meet the Team  Isaac Norton  Team Leader during the Final Report  Bachelor of Science in chemical engineering with an emphasis in product and process design  Work experience in quality control  Worked with Nalgene for one year

8. Background  BPA=Bisphenol-A  Polycarbonate  Chemical in water bottles and pop cans

9. Problem  Recognized by the human body as estrogen  Absorbed by breast tumor cells  Promote breast and prostate tumor growths

10. Task  BPA effects  Harmless Alternatives  Manufacturing Techniques

11. BPA EFFECTS ON HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY Kevin Miles

12. A Look Ahead…  Previous Statements  Enviornmental exposure to BPA  BPA Leeching  The Endocrine system  BPA linked to cancer  Conclusion

14. ~ 25 ng/kg/day 50,000 ng/kg/day http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http:// onwardstate.com/wp- content/uploads/2008/12/water_bottle- 300x300.jpg&imgrefurl=http://onwardstate.com /2008/12/20/water-water-everywhere-but-a- storage- dilemma/&usg=__qNetutbQEJVjtGWRfq72AO1L wVU=&h=300&w=300&sz=11&hl=en&start=0&t bnid=WsPcp- pgT6AipM:&tbnh=115&tbnw=114&prev=/imag es%3Fq%3DWater%2BBottle%26um%3D1%26hl %3Den%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1G1GGLQ_ENUS 367%26biw%3D740%26bih%3D411%26tbs%3Di sch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=244&ei=xTV PTOe5HZKlnQemi6CQBw&page=1&ndsp=10&ve d=1t:429,r:6,s:0 Human Exposure: 52-74ng/kg/day

16. How does the endocrine system work?

19.  BPA increased the level of hormone receptors produced by a prostate gland cell  Some dosages of BPA were environmentally relevant

20.  An increase in cell receptors fuels growth of the cell  Cells can proliferate out of control, resulting in cancerous tumor cells.

21. Conclusions  BPA is harmful in lower doses  BPA can leech into food/beverages at relevant levels  BPA exposure increases risk of cancer

22. ALTERNATIVE POLYMERS Gregory Jackett

23. The Line up  The Candidates  Strength  Toughness  Liquid Stability  UV Stability  Thermal Stability  The Ranking

24. PETE(Polyethylene terephthalate)

25. Atactic Polystyrene(PS)

26. Eastman Tritan Copolyester

27. Strength

28. Toughness

29. Liquid Stability

30. UV Stability Copolyester?

31. Thermal Stability

32. The Ranking Copolyester PETE Polystyrene

33. MANUFACTURING ANALYSIS Isaac Norton

34. Forecast  Polymerization Method  Safety  Quality  Retooling  Ranking

35. Method

36. Safety

37. Reaction Heat Runaway

38. Quality

40. The Ranking Copolyester PETE Polystyrene

41. Conclusions  Hazardous in small concentrations  Carcinogenic developmental changes  Copolyester’s better material properties  PETE’s better safety and quality properties

42. Our Solution Is… PETE

43. Just a Reminder…  The Problem  BPA Effects  Possible Alternatives  Manufacturing Comparison  The Solution

44. References http://www.intuitive-recruitment.co.uk/ http://fondnessforreading.blogspot.com/2008/12/melting.html http://jalopnik.com/276775/wrecking-ball-on-the-loose http://www.better-leadership.com/great-offices.html http://www.greenerist.com/2009/02/green-tip-get-a-bpa-free-water-bottle/ http://health.allrefer.com/health/cancer-ovarian-cancer-metastasis.html http://www.tuxedoranch.com/images/featured/bpa-free-1.png http://www.sitnews.us/MacDougall/111207_PETE.jpg http://www.extension.iastate.edu/newsrel/reiman/PolystyrenePot.jpg http://www.innovationlab.eastman.com/NR/rdonlyres/4C99D9B3-B19A-4FD5-A60F- 8115B0DF5064/0/example_lrg_camelbak1.jpg http://www.eastman.com/Brands/Eastman_Tritan/PublishingImages/TritanWater.jpg

45. References http://i1.treklens.com/photos/5947/dscn0425c.jpg http://grail.cs.washington.edu/projects/office/dewey/china/photos/yunnan/hutiaoxia /middle/middle14.jpg http://www.jcu.edu/Philosophy/gensler/nc/images/10.jpg http://faculty.uscupstate.edu/llever/Polymer%20Resources/Isomerism.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ester-general.svg Taylor & Francis Group. (2010) Polymers, a property database. Retrieved from http://poly.chemnetbase.com http://poly.chemnetbase.com

46. QUESTIONS?