1. Chapter 3
Section 2

2. Fish Largest group of vertebrates Fish: Ectothermic vertebrate
Lives in water
Has fins to use for movement
Obtain oxygen through gills
Have scales to cover the skin

3. Obtaining Oxygen How and where do fish get their oxygen?
The water contains oxygen
Water moves through the fishes throat to the gills
Gills have blood vessels in them

4. Obtaining Oxygen Water flows over the gills
Oxygen moves from the water into the blood
Carbon dioxide moves out of the blood and into the water
The water leaves by flowing out the slits beneath the gills

5. Circulatory System From the gills:
Blood travels throughout the body in vessels
Blood travels to all regions of the body
Oxygen is supplied to the cells

6. Circulatory System What type of circulatory system do they have?
Closed
The heart pumps the blood ->

7. Moving and Feeding How do fish move? Using a fin
A fin is a thin membrane stretched over a bony support
Provides a large surface to push against the water

8. Moving and Feeding What are the bodies of fish adapted to do?
Efficient feeding
Barracuda
Sharp and pointed teeth
Why would they want sharp
teeth?

9. Moving and Feeding What type of teeth do trout have?
Short and blunt teeth
What type of teeth do basking sharks have?
Comb-like structures to filter tiny animals

10. Nervous system and Senses
Why would fish want to have a highly developed nervous system and senses?
Find food
Avoid predators
Touch, taste, smell, and sight help them capture their food
A shark can smell and taste one drop of blood in 115 liters of water

11. Reproduction How do they reproduce? Externally
Male hovers close to the female
Releases a cloud of sperm over the released eggs
Sharks and guppies have internal fertilization

12. Groups of Fish What are the three groups of fish?
Jawless
Cartilaginous
Bony
How are they classified?
Structure of their mouth and type of skeleton

13. Jawless Fish Jawless fish information Do not have a pair of fins
Earliest vertebrates
60 species today
Modern jawless fishes have no scales
Skeletons made of cartilage
Do not have a pair of fins
Do not have jaws – can’t bite

14. Lamprey

15. Jawless fish How do they eat without a jaw?
Have structures for scraping, stabbing, and sucking
What are the only kinds of jawless fish?
Hagfish and lamprey

16. Hagfish

17. Jawless Fish Hagfish Lamprey Large, slimy looking worms
Crawl into the bodies of dead or dying fish
Use their sandpaper tongue to consume decaying tissue
Lamprey
Parasites to other fish
Attach to healthy fishes and suck in the tissues and blood of their victims

18. Cartilaginous Fishes What are their skeletons made of?
Cartilage like jawless fish
What makes them different from jawless fish then?
Have jaws
Have a pair of fins

19. Cartilaginous Fishes Information on cartilaginous fishes
Pointed, tooth-like scales
Have a texture rougher than sandpaper
All are carnivores
Rays and skates live on the ocean floor
Sharks, rays, and skates are all types

20. White Shark

21. Barndoor Skate

22. Blue-Spotted Ray

23. Shark’s Body How would you describe a shark? Stream lined body
Mouth on the bottom of its head
Jagged teeth arranged in rows
Use only the 1st row of teeth

24. On the Move How do sharks get oxygen?
Rely on currents to get water across their gills
Position themselves in currents to get water over their gills at night
What do sharks spend most of their time doing?
Hunting
Attack and eat nearly anything that smells like food
Have bad eye sight

25. Sleeping Shark

26. Bony Fishes What are types of bony fish?
Trout
Tuna
Goldfish
What is different about bony fish?
Have a pocket over their gills

27. Bony Fish

28. Swim Bladder How do fish swim at different depths? Swim bladder:
Gas-filled sac that allows them to stabilize their body at different depths
Filled with oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide
Volume of gas can become larger or smaller
Change in volume changes the buoyant force

29. Swim Bladder Buoyant Force:
Force that water exerts upward on an underwater object
If the buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object it floats
If the buoyant force is less than the weight of the object it sinks

30. Diversity of Bony Fish Make up 95 % of all species of fish
Live in salt and fresh water

31. Sea Dragon

32. Flying Gurnards

33. Clownfish

34. Balloon fish

35. Bluefin Tuna

36. Trout