1. Jeju, 13 – 16 May 2013Standards for Shared ICT Researches and standardization activities on systems using white space Homare Murakami ARIB (NICT) Document No: GSC17-GRSC10-04 Source: ARIB Contact: Homare Murakami (NICT), homa@nict.go.jp GSC Session: GRSC10 Agenda Item: 4.3

2. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT 2 Highlight of Current Activities (1) First applications are start to be operated on TV white space in Japan –Area broadcasting-type systems Other applications are studied at working group of white space promotion committee organized by Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) There are two categories within secondary systems An organization will be established to coordinate the usage of white space CategorySystems / Applic ations Available from PrimaryTerrestrial TV broa dcasting - Seco ndary High-levelSpecified Radio M icrophones Apr. 2013 (expecte d) Lower-lev el Area Broadcasting -type Systems Apr. 2012 Sensor network(Long-ter m study it ems) Communication sy stem for disaster r elief Wireless broadba nd system

3. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT 3 Highlight of Current Activities (2) Standardization of RRS/systems using white space are on going in several organizations NICT contributes to these activities Organization / GroupScope Administrations ITU-WP1BConsideration of radio regulation on Cognitive radio system (CRS) (study period of CRS is done on Feb. 2012) ITU-WP5ATechnical studies of Cognitive radio system (CRS) APGMaking APG’s (Asian’s) proposals to ITU IEEE 802 committee IEEE 802.11afStandardization of white space WLAN IEEE 802.15.4mStandardization of white space SUN IEEE 802.19.1Standardization of coexistence methods for white space systems IEEE 802.22bStandardization of white space WRAN IEEE DySPAN-SC IEEE 1900.4aStandardization of cognitive radio networks (Published on Sept. 2011) IEEE 1900.4.1Standardization of cognitive radio networks IEEE 1900.6Standardization of spectrum sensing interfaces (Published on Apr. 2012) IEEE 1900.6aStandardization of spectrum sensing interfaces IEEE 1900.7Standardization of PHY/MAC specification for white space

4. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT 4 Strategic Direction Contribute to standardization activities in several organizations in order to harmonize them with Japanese conditions (e.g. bands, bandwidth, power, and applications) Accelerate the researches of white-space systems to help to establish technical specification in white space promotion committee organized by MIC in Japan

5. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT 5 Challenges Apply the standards to different specifications of terrestrial TV broadcasting and policies in each country Introduce automatic coordination scheme to coexistence several WS devices in the same band (e.g. WS database and coexistence manager approach) –In Japan, coordination of white space usage is currently done by hand (licencing published by MIC, and coordination activity by a new organization)

6. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT 6 Next Steps / Actions Continue to contribute to establishing / improving standard documents in several organizations (e.g. ITU, IEEE) Continue to research to develop coexisting methods of several WS devices in the same bands

7. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT 7 Supplementary Slides

8. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Cognitive radio technology Cognitive radio –is a radio or system that senses, and is aware of, its operational environment and can dynamically and autonomously adjust its radio operating parameters accordingly by collaborating wireless and wired networks Two types of approaches –Heterogeneous type cognitive radio –White space type cognitive radio Cognitive wireless cloud is the concept to bring the two approaches into a real environment to improve spectrum usage efficiency 8 System A System B System C Freq. White space type cognitive radio Heterogeneous type cognitive radio System A System B System C Freq. By sensing frequency bands that systems have been allocated on and time slots, users secure adequate bandwidth by selecting existing systems. By sensing vacant frequency band and time slot, users secure adequate bandwidth by bundling vacant freq. bands.

9. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Cognitive Wireless Clouds 9 (b) White space type cognitive radio Primary Operator 1 Primary Operator 1 Primary operator 2 Primary operator 2 Network based on cognitive base station Network based on cognitive base station Wireless/Wired link (A kind of adhoc network) Wireless/Wired link (A kind of adhoc network) Operator Independent network manager Operator Independent network manager Operator Dependent Network manager Operator Dependent Network manager Operator Dependent network manager Operator Dependent network manager Heterogeneous type cognitive base station (CBS) Cognitive terminal (CT) Secondary Operator 2 Secondary Operator 2 Sensing and connection White space type cognitive base station (CBS) Secondary Operator 1 Secondary Operator 1 Operator Independent Co-existing manager Operator Independent Co-existing manager Operator Independent spectrum manager Operator Independent spectrum manager (a) Heterogeneous type cognitive radio

10. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Four types of utilization methods 10 (a) Heterogeneous type operated on terminals Any access technologies on the vacant freq./slot (b) Heterogeneous type operated on base stations (c) White space type operated on base stations (d) White space type operated on terminals Operator independent spectrum/reconfiguration /coexistence manager Sensing vacant frequency/timeslot Sensing available RATs Any access technologies can be applied Sensing vacant frequency/timeslot Any access technologies on the vacant freq./slot

11. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Network architecture and management framework CWC architecture –NRMs control radio resource utilization in cooperation with several managers (TRMs, CBSRMs) and RANs –Standardizes as IEEE 1900.4/4a 11 Control channel for cognitive radio –Design of out-of-band control channel Used as the “radio enabler” of IEEE 1900.4 Several implementations are studied –Dedicated system, data-channel on terrestrial TV broadcasting, low-power transvers, etc. –Terminal specific control signal will be exchanges in In-band logical channel Spectrum sharing type cognitive radio system Heterogeneous type cognitive radio system Terrestrial TV-type control channel test facility at NICT Yokosuka site CPC 基地局 Sensing part Comm. part Control ch. part Control channel BS Network Reconfiguration Manager (NRM) Cognitive Base Stations (CBSs) Cognitive Terminals (CTs) Data communication Out-of-band control channel

12. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Cognitive base stations (CBS) Implementation of cognitive radio technology into base stations/access points –Advantages to terminals Low-cost, low-power consumption and small size Current existing terminals can be supported –Links can be aggregated by CBSs 12 Wi-Fi RANs (e.g. LTE, 3G, WiiMAX, Wi-Fi) Cognitive base station (CBS) Network reconfiguration Manager User terminals supporting wi-fi access RAT devices (USB dongle) Internet Network policy / Measurement information White space type CBS first prototype Heterogeneous type CBS prototypes

13. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT How to utilize the white space? Any access technologies can be applied at the white space but… Need to protect primary services –Sensing technology –Database Need to coexistence with different access technologies operated in the same band –Standards using white space –Coexistence functions 13 System A System B System C Freq. White space type cognitive radio WLAN on whitespace WLAN on whitespace WPAN/S UN on whitespace WPAN/S UN on whitespace WMAN on whitespace WMAN on whitespace WRAN on whitespace WRAN on whitespace

14. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT White space database(1) Primary systems have to be protected from secondary systems –Secondary systems shall away from separation distance, and can be operated at outside of primary systems’ protected contour –Whitespace database gives detailed information about primary systems Several white space standards are discussed –E.g. IEEE 802.11af(WLAN), 802.15.4m(SUN), 802.22(WRAN) –Signals from devices of a standard may interfere to that of other standards –“database for secondary systems” are also required for coexistence of multiple whitespace standards 14 Whitespace database Multiple TV whitespace standards Whitespace coexistence manager primary system’s area Calculation among users on the same system Calculation among users on different systems

15. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT White space database(2) Implement TV whitespace database Providing available channels in TV white space to CBS by responding to its query Calculating interface between existing TV broadcasting and the secondary systems, then available channels at each CBS’s location are derived –Accessible via IETF PAWS (on HTTP) interface Multiple calculation methods can be implemented and be switched between them –US FCC methods Supporting FCC regulation (FCC 10-174, FCC 12-36) –UK Ofcom methods Supporting a document from Ofcom (Implementing Geolocation (9 November 2010)) –Japanese methods To be deployed (still discussing in technical committee under MIC) 15

16. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT WLAN system on white space(1) IEEE 802.11af –802.11 PHY and MAC standard will be amended to support TV white space band 16 802.11 BSS Internet 802.11 BSS STAs(mode I)AP (mode II) STAs(mode I) Geo-location Database Registered Location Secure Server Scope of standardization on 802.11af 802.11af OFDM 802.11a/g 802.11n/ac MIMO 802.11-2007 Primary service protection 802.11y TVWS Data base access Technolo gies Standards 802.11u/z ItemsValue ApplicationsSame as IEEE802.11 WLAN systems Frequency174-862 MHz Service area size 100m-500m for personal portable device and 5Km for fixed device Number of terminals per an AP Up to 512 Data late From 1.5Mbps to 600Mbps （ can be changes ） Power <=100mW for personal portable device, <=1W for fixed device Bandwidth 5/10/20/40MHz （ can be changed ） Primary system for protection Terrestrial TV broadcasts, wireless microphone

17. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT WLAN system on white space(2) The world’s first WiFi prototype in TV white space based on the IEEE 802.11af draft specification –Based on Draft 2.0 (released in Sept. 2012) 17 ItemValue Frequency 470-710MHz Channel bandwidth 6MHz Transmission power 20dBm MCS BPSK MAC IEEE 802.11af Draft Specification (D 2.0) Antenna gain 0dBi

18. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Hardware platform for TV white space 802.11af prototype using FPGA –Supporting 802.11af (UHF band), 802.11b/g(2.4GHz band), and ISDB-T(UHF band) 18 802.11af hardware (SDR RF × 1) Chassis of HW (SDR RF × 2 inside) ItemSpecification RF frequency470M-770MHz, 1884.5M-1919.6MHz, 2210M- 2170MHz, 2400M-2497MHz, 2492.5M- 2692.5MHz, 5160M-5330MHz FPGA SPARTAN-6 （ XC6SLX150-2FGG676C ） x 2 Memory for FPGA SDRAM 512Mbit InterfacePCI Express CPUIntel Core2Duo processor T7500(2.2GHz) Memory for CPUDDR2-667 Unbuffered SO-DIMM×2 Supported PHY and MAC IEEE 802.11a/b/g, IEEE 802.16e Supported system architecture IEEE1900.4/4a/6 Sensing level-120 dBm/8MHz (470M-770MHz) (depends on the standards in other bands) OSLinux SizeFPGA board:125mm×95mm CPU board:125mm×95mm I/OEthernet (1000Base-T), USB *8, DSUB PowerDC13.8V RF part

19. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT SUN system on white space IEEE 802.15.4m – Smart Utility Network (SUN) –Data collection from meters of electricity, gas and water using SUN and WAN technology 19 Signals on WAN Service area by existing service Extended service area by relay transmission on SUN Signmals on SUN More coverage by relay transmission Low power consumption SUN system with meters Efficient sleep function Efficient relay/ route selection SUN (Smart Utility Network) WAN (Wide Area Network) SUN can covers dead zone of WAN Working 10 years without battery change with 2-3 AAA battery Distance: 100m+ Construct mesh / tree topology Data collection server IP Network

20. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Coexistence management architecture Accommodate multiple white space RATs into a same band –Standardization is on going at IEEE 802.19.1 20 ItemsDescription Coexistence M anager (CM) Make decision related to coexistence Provides it to CEs Coexistence E nabler (CE) Retrieve information related coexiste nce from TVBD Communication between CM and TV BD, with translating the information f ormat between CM and TVBD Coexistence Discovery and Information Server (CDIS) Provide coexistence related information to CMs Helping a CM to find othe CMs May connect to TVWS database ItemsDescription Coexistence method Three logical entities defined in the standard provides coexistence function among different TVWS devices in cooperation with TVWS database. Coexistence Manager (CM) Coexistence Enabler (CE) Coexistence Discovery and Information Ser ver (CDIS) Six logical interfaces (depicted in right figure) is also defined. Interface A Interface B1 Interface B2 Interface B3 Interface C Services Coexistence Information Service CM provides information regarding coexistence, e.g. Neighbor list/types/operating channels, to TVBDs Coexistence Management Service CM controls TVBDs’ coexistence behavier based on the information gathered from TVBDs, TVWS database and CDIS

21. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Whitespace regulations is Japan As of Apr. 2012, area broadcasting-type systems are start to be operated as the first application on TV white space in Japan –License can be issued for applicant if its condition qualifies technical criteria 21 Other applications are studied at working group of white space promotion committee organized by Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) –“static” and “nomadic” usages are candidates “mobile” usage is currently out of scope in the group radio microphone will be available as 2 nd application in 2013 –It has higher priority than area broadcasting system, therefore coexistence process has been discussed Other applications are recognized as long-term study items CategorySystems / Applic ations Available from PrimaryTerrestrial TV broa dcasting - Seco ndary High-levelSpecified Radio M icrophones 2013 2Q (expecte d) Lower-lev el Area Broadcasting -type Systems Apr. 2012 Sensor network(Long-ter m study it ems) Communication sy stem for disaster r elief Wireless broadba nd system

22. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Our works in standardization bodies 22 Organization / GroupScopePositions / roles by NICT Administrations ITU-WP1BConsideration of radio regulation on Cognitive radio system (CRS) (study period of CRS is done on Feb. 2012) ITU-WP5ATechnical studies of Cognitive radio system (CRS) APGMaking APG’s (Asian’s) proposals to ITU IEEE 802 committee IEEE 802.11afStandardization of white space WLANVice chair, Secretary IEEE 802.15.4mStandardization of white space SUNVice chair, Technical editor, Secretory IEEE 802.19.1Standardization of coexistence methods for white space systemsAssistant technical editor IEEE 802.22bStandardization of white space WRANChair, Secretary IEEE DySPAN-SCChair IEEE 1900.4aStandardization of cognitive radio networks (Published on Sept. 2011) Vice chair, Secretary IEEE 1900.4.1Standardization of cognitive radio networksVice chair, Secretary IEEE 1900.6Standardization of spectrum sensing interfaces (Published on Apr. 2012) Secretary IEEE 1900.6aStandardization of spectrum sensing interfacesSecretary, Technical editor IEEE 1900.7Standardization of PHY/MAC specification for white spaceChair Alliances and promotion activities Wireless Innovation ForumAlliance for software defined radio technologyBoard member Wi-Fi AllianceAlliance for Wi-Fi standard WRAN AllianceAlliance for promotion of WRAN standardBoard member WiSUN AllianceAlliance for promotion of SUN standardBoard member

23. GSC17-GRSC10-04 GSC-17, Jeju / Korea Standards for Shared ICT Thank you for your attention! A part of this presentation was conducted under a contract of R&D for radio resource enhancement, organized by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan. Contact: swl-white-space@wireless.nict.go.jp swl-white-space@wireless.nict.go.jp Our latest activities and outcomes are available at http://www2.nict.go.jp/wireless/smartlab/ http://www2.nict.go.jp/wireless/smartlab/ 23