1. Muscles

2. Fun facts More than 600 muscles in our bodies (about 650)
Muscles make up approximately half of the human body’s weight
The human heart will beat about 40 million times a year, and a person's heart will beat approximately 2.5 billion times by the time of their 70th birthday.

3. Smooth Muscles
Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs like your intestines and stomach
Are involved in many 'housekeeping' functions of the body for example pushing food through your small intestines and being able to contract your bladder in order for one to urinate
Involuntary muscles (do without thinking)
These muscles are also found in the eyes. They are there to help you focus your eyes so you can see. Muscles like this can also be found in women and are used especially during birth in the uterus wall to help push the baby out.

4. Cardiac Muscles These muscles make up the…heart
Myocardium is another name for the cardiac muscle
Also involuntary
The heart is controlled by the “pacemaker” or the Sinoatrial Node which regulates the blood flow

5. Skeletal Muscles
Skeletal muscles cover your skeleton, giving your body its shape.
Skeletal muscles are under voluntary control, which means you consciously control what they do.
Sometimes called striated muscle because the light and dark parts of the muscle fibers make them look striped
Your skeletal muscles are always working in order to keep you moving and giving you the posture you need

6. Ligaments and Tendons

7. What’s the difference between ligaments and tendons?
A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue which attaches muscle to bone. A tendon serves to move the bone or structure.
A ligament is a fibrous connective tissue which attaches bone to bone, and usually serves to hold structures together and keep them stable.
Tendons may also attach muscles to structures such as the eyeball.

8. What’s the difference between a sprain and a strain?
A sprain is a stretch and/or tear of a ligament, the fibrous band of connective tissue that joins the end of one bone with another
A strain is an injury of a muscle and/or tendon. Tendons are fibrous cords of tissue that attach muscles to bone

9. How many ligaments are in the human knee?

10. How many ligaments are in the human elbow?

11. Journal Draw what you think a muscle looks like and label it.
On a side note…….
There will be a quiz over this material and the previous material on Monday (our Next health class) just so you know.

12. Purpose of muscles
They provide movement of the body by the voluntary muscles and also creates heat to help warm the body
AKA- breathing, riding a bike, push-ups, and maintaining proper posture

13. Muscles continued
Since your heart is a muscle it pumps blood through the body
It directs the blood flow and regulates the blood pressure

14. Muscles continued
Muscles allow the movement of our internal organs….such as what?
Digestion (stomach) and bladder control
These muscles are called what again?
Involuntary
They account for reflexes, the pupil in the eye adjusting and even when you get goose bumps

15. The Tissues
Which are voluntary and which are involuntary?

18. Muscles of the Human body

20. Formula for maximum fat burn!
1. More muscle tissue results in a higher metabolism!
2. Metabolism – the rate at which the body converts food to energy
3. If you have a higher metabolism, you are likely to weigh less
4. Thus, the more muscle mass you have, the higher your metabolism, the more fat you will burn!
5. Combine weight training with cardio training (running) to achieve best results

21. How do you build strong muscles?
Exercise regularly!
Eat foods that are high in protein
Protein – building blocks of muscle
- meats, milk, eggs, yogurt, fish, nuts

22. a. Hypertrophy – increase in muscle size due to exercise
b. Atrophy – decrease in muscle size from a lack of use of muscles

23. Muscular Strength vs Muscular Endurance
Sets – grouping of reps for a given workout
Repetitions (reps) - number of consecutive exercises performed for a given workout
At your age the focus is on Muscular Endurance!!!
Low Reps and Heavy Weight
High Reps and Low Weight

24. Muscle Fatigue …
Your muscles need Glycogen (muscle sugar) in order to function. When the glycogen is broken down into energy for the muscles a waste product called lactic acid is produced. A buildup of lactic acid decreases the muscles’ ability to contract and Muscle Fatigue sets in.

25. Clothespin Calisthenics
1. Hold a clothespin between your thumb and index finger and see how many times you can squeeze it in one minute. Record
2. Now, without resting, squeeze it as fast as you can for a second minute. Record

26. Problems of Muscular System
3. Muscular Dystrophy
a. crippling disease characterized by progressive wasting away of skeletal muscles
b. muscle cells are unable to function properly
c. symptoms – muscle weakness, difficulty standing/walking, frequent falling
d. cannot be cured, but early detection is key as muscle weakening can be delayed

27. Muscular Dystrophy

28. Journal Would you consider yourself healthy why or why not?
Test Friday over Muscles