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Published byPhilip O’Neal’ Modified over 9 years ago
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BY Ricardo Castrejon Max Calderon Lizette Chapa
Muscular System BY Ricardo Castrejon Max Calderon Lizette Chapa
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Introduction The Muscular System is a system of 600+ muscles that produces movement, protects internal organs, produces body heat, and maintains posture.
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Kinds of Muscle Cardiac Muscle- forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood. Visceral or Smooth Muscle- found in the internal organs, contract to cause movement. Ex. Digestive and Respiratory organs, blood vessels, and eyes. Skeletal Muscle- attached to bones and causes body movement.
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Voluntary vs. Involuntary
Voluntary Muscles- muscles a person has control over. Ex. Skeletal Muscles Involuntary Muscles- Muscles that function without conscious thought or control. Ex. Cardiac and Smooth Muscle.
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Muscle Functions Produces Movement Protects Internal Organs
Produces Body Heat and Energy Maintains Posture
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Muscle Attachment Skeletal Muscle attach to bones in different ways.
Tendons- strong, tough connective-tissue cords. EX. Calf muscle to the heel by Achilles tendon. Fascia- tough, sheet like, membrane that covers and protects the tissue. EX. Muscles in trunk and back surrounded by lumbodorsal fascia.
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Muscle Attachment When a muscle attaches to a bone, the end that does NOT move is the origin. When a muscle attaches the end that moves when the muscle contracts is the insertion.
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Muscle Movements Adduction- moving toward the midline.
Abduction- away from the midline. Flexion- bending a body part. Extension- straightening a body part. Rotation- turning a body part around its axis. Circumduction- moving in a circle at a joint.
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Muscular Diseases Muscular dystrophy- group of inherited diseases that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy. Usually appears early in childhood; most types result in total disability and early death. Myasthenia gravis- chronic condition, where nerve impulses are not properly transmitted to the muscles. Leads to the progressive weakness and paralysis.
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Muscular Diseases Muscle spasms- sudden painful, involuntary muscle contractions. May result from overexertion, low electrolyte levels, or poor circulation.
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