1. Now you’ve seen the video… Can you figure out WHY these things are happening?

2. SWITCHING ARROWS

3. WHY DID THE DIRECTION OF THE ARROWS APPEAR TO CHANGE? Water “bends” light, making it just like a lens With the right amount of space between the two objects, the water made the arrows appear to “change direction” DID YOU KNOW? Our eyes do this too!

4. PEPPER

5. A MAGIC SOAPY FINGER? Cohesion: when water molecules stick/bond to other water molecules Adhesion: when water molecules stick/bond to other non-water molecules The pepper flakes are adhering to the water, and the soap breaks the cohesive (water to water) bonds. This causes them to spread out & the pepper specks to go with them.

6. Different Densities

7. WHAT MADE IT SWITCH? Alcohol (the golden liquid) has less density than water Less density = float to the top You could try OIL or VINEGAR or ????? OR ask your parents or a high school buddy to help you look up what LIQUIDS ARE MORE DENSE THAN WATER

8. “WATER” BALLOON

9. WHY WON’T IT POP? Water is harder to heat up than air – it requires a lot more energy Why? Water has a (specific) high heat capacity The NORMAL balloon popped instantly b/c of the excessive heat The WATER balloon will pop eventually, but it will take a long time!

10. Laser Water Bottle

11. A Laser Waterfall? The laser beam is reflected inside of the water bottle The light is guided down the stream! If you put your hand in it, the laser’s color is more visible It looks like you are bending light!

12. GLOWING WATER

13. HOW DID THEY MAKE IT GLOW? Quinine = active ingredient in tonic water QUININE also is florescent (able to glow in the dark under a “black light”) Since a black light was turned on, the water glowed! Have you ever been to a “glow in the dark” bowling alley? Same idea!

14. ANTI-GRAVITY BOTTLE

15. WHY DOESN’T THE WATER POUR OUT? Why didn’t water come out of the screen? The water wants to stick together, called “adhesion and cohesion of water” Those forces are stronger than the weight of the water pushing down, so the water doesn't come out through the screen The mass of the water pushing down and the cohesion was even strong enough when toothpicks were pushed up through the screen

16. INSTANT FREEZE

17. What caused this to happen? Freezing temperature for water is 32 degrees Fahrenheit. Ice crystals are formed once this temperature is reached When the bottle is “tapped,” the water molecules stick together easier which causes it to instantly turn to ice!

18. WATER TO ICE

19. WHAT CAUSED THIS TO HAPPEN Freezing temperature for water is 32 degrees Fahrenheit. Ice crystals are formed once this temperature is reached When the water is poured slowly, the water molecules cool down when they hit the ice and stick together easier, which causes it to turn to ice! Powerpoint created by Olivia Cole. Thank you!