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32 An Age of Limits 1 2 3 4 The Nixon Administration
CHAPTER 32 An Age of Limits Overview Time Lines 1 The Nixon Administration SECTION 2 Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall SECTION 3 SECTION The Ford and Carter Years 4 Environmental Activism SECTION Chapter Assessment Transparencies
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President Jimmy Carter, 1977
CHAPTER 32 An Age of Limits HOME “We have learned even our great nation has its recognized limits We cannot afford to do everything, nor can we afford to lack boldness as we meet the future.” President Jimmy Carter, 1977 THEMES IN CHAPTER 32 Economic Opportunity Science and Technology Constitutional Concerns
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President Jimmy Carter, 1977
CHAPTER 32 An Age of Limits HOME “We have learned even our great nation has its recognized limits We cannot afford to do everything, nor can we afford to lack boldness as we meet the future.” President Jimmy Carter, 1977 What do you know? Read the quote above and answer the following: What major foreign policy event of the 1960s and early 1970s had already revealed the nation’s limitations? In what way did it show the country’s limitations?
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32 Time Line The United States
CHAPTER 32 Time Line HOME The United States 1969 The U.S. becomes the first nation to put a person on the moon. 1970 America celebrates the first Earth Day. 1973 Senate begins investigation into the Watergate break-in. 1977 Andrew Young becomes the first African American to serve as U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. 1979 In Iran, 52 Americans are taken hostage Israel and Egypt sign peace treaty at White House.
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CHAPTER 32 Time Line HOME The World 1969 Golda Meir becomes prime minister of Israel. 1970 Nigeria ends its 2 1/2-year civil war. 1971 U.N. votes to admit China and expel Taiwan. 1973 A military junta, led by Augusto Pinochet Ugarte, seizes power in Chile. 1975 South Vietnam surrenders to North Vietnam. 1979 The Soviet Union invades Afghanistan Ayatollah Khomeini seizes power in Iran.
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The Nixon Administration
SECTION 1 The Nixon Administration HOME Learn About President Nixon’s domestic and foreign policy initiatives. To Understand how Nixon tried to lead the nation in a conservative direction and ease Cold War tensions throughout the world.
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The Nixon Administration
SECTION 1 The Nixon Administration HOME Key Idea President Richard M. Nixon attempts to move the country in a more conservative direction and ease Cold War tensions throughout the world.
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The Nixon Administration
SECTION 1 The Nixon Administration HOME Section 1 Assessment SUMMARIZING What are some of the policies of Richard Nixon that promoted change and those that slowed it down? Promoted Change Slowed Change started revenue sharing program supported Family Assistance Plan visited China visited Soviet Union signed SALT I impounded funds allocated by Congress abolished Office of Equal Opportunity slowed desegregation efforts appointed conservative justices to the Supreme Court
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The Nixon Administration
SECTION 1 The Nixon Administration HOME Section 1 Assessment Do you think Richard Nixon fulfilled his campaign promise to mend the divisiveness in the United States? INTERPRETING his policy of law and order his decisions on busing and integration his Supreme Court appointments his economic reforms THINK ABOUT
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The Nixon Administration
SECTION 1 The Nixon Administration HOME Section 1 Assessment In your opinion, did Nixon’s foreign policy of détente help solve the country’s major foreign policy problems? EVALUATING the definition and origin of détente the effect of détente on U.S. dealings with Communist countries the effect of détente on the American public THINK ABOUT
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Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall
SECTION 2 Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall HOME Learn About the events known as the Watergate scandal. To Understand why Watergate presented one of the most serious constitutional crises in U.S. history.
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Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall
SECTION 2 Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall HOME Key Idea Richard Nixon’s involvement in the cover-up of a campaign office burglary forces him to resign from office—the only president to do so.
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Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall
SECTION 2 Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall HOME Section 2 Assessment SUMMARIZING Who were the individuals or groups who helped uncover the Watergate scandal? Who were the people from the government and media, as well as those on Nixon’s staff who testified? Uncovering the Watergate Scandal The Media: Nixon’s staff: The Government: Attorney General Elliot Richardson Archibald Cox and Leon Jaworski Sam Ervin The House Judiciary Committee Judge John Sirica The Supreme Court Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein John Dean Presidential aide Alexander Butterfield
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Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall
SECTION 2 Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall HOME Section 2 Assessment Which events of the Watergate scandal do you think were most significant? ANALYZING the purpose of each event the legal implications of each event the charges in the articles of impeachment THINK ABOUT
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Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall
SECTION 2 Watergate: Nixon’s Downfall HOME Section 2 Assessment Imagine that Nixon had admitted to and apologized for the Watergate break-in immediately after it occurred. How might subsequent events have been different? HYPOTHESIZING the extent of the cover-up the impact of the cover-up on the nation the effect of the cover-up on Nixon’s image THINK ABOUT
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The Ford and Carter Years
SECTION 3 The Ford and Carter Years HOME Learn About the domestic and foreign policies of the Ford and Carter administrations. To Understand how each man attempted to solve the country’s worsening economic crisis and deal with an increasingly complex world.
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The Ford and Carter Years
SECTION 3 The Ford and Carter Years HOME Key Idea In the wake of Watergate, Presidents Ford and Carter try to restore faith in America’s leadership as they battle the worst economic crisis in decades.
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The Ford and Carter Years
SECTION 3 The Ford and Carter Years HOME Section 33 Assessment What were some of the major events of the Ford and Carter administrations? SEQUENCING HISTORY September 8, 1974 Ford pardons Nixon. 1977 U.S. and Panama sign treaty. November 4, 1979 Iranians seize U.S. hostages. 1980 14 percent inflation. 1975 Helsinki Accords signed. March 1979 Sadat and Begin sign peace treaty. December 1979 Soviets invade Afghanistan.
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The Ford and Carter Years
SECTION 3 The Ford and Carter Years HOME Section 33 Assessment How were the actions taken by Presidents Ford and Carter to address the country’s economic downturn similar? How did they differ? COMPARING AND CONTRASTING Ford’s “Whip Inflation Now” policy Carter’s “moral equivalent of a war” speech Carter’s legislative agenda THINK ABOUT
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The Ford and Carter Years
SECTION 3 The Ford and Carter Years HOME Section 33 Assessment Do you agree with President Carter that human rights concerns should steer U.S. foreign policy? Why or why not? FORMING OPINIONS the responsibility of promoting human rights the loss of certain ally countries the collapse of détente with the Soviet Union THINK ABOUT
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Environmental Activism
SECTION 4 Environmental Activism HOME Learn About America’s efforts during the 1970s to address its environmental problems. To Understand how the nation attempted to strike a balance between environmental concerns and continued industrial growth.
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Environmental Activism
SECTION 4 Environmental Activism HOME Key Idea Americans, struck by their sense of limitations, begin to address a growing number of environmental concerns.
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Environmental Activism
SECTION 4 Environmental Activism HOME Section 4 Assessment What were some events that illustrate the growing concern for the environment in the United States? SUMMARIZING People struggle to balance environmental and economic concerns. Rachel Carson publishes Silent Spring. Concern for the environment grew in the United States. Three Mile Island raises concerns about nuclear power. Nixon organizes the EPA. In 1970, the first Earth Day is held.
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Environmental Activism
SECTION 4 Environmental Activism HOME Section 4 Assessment Why do you think Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring had such an impact when it was published? ANALYZING CAUSES environmental awareness before the 1960s the message of Silent Spring the domestic agendas of the Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon administrations THINK ABOUT
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Environmental Activism
SECTION 4 Environmental Activism HOME Section 4 Assessment How much should the United States rely on nuclear power as a source of energy? FORMING OPINIONS the safety of nuclear power the alternatives to nuclear power U.S. energy demands THINK ABOUT
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32 Chapter Assessment HOME 1. In what ways did President Nixon attempt to reform the federal government? 2. How did Nixon try to combat stagflation? 3. Describe Nixon’s philosophy in foreign policy and the results of this philosophy. 4. In what ways did the participants in Watergate try to cover up the scandal? 5. What were the results of the Watergate scandal?
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32 Chapter Assessment HOME 6. What were President Ford’s greatest successes as president? 7. How did President Carter attempt to solve the energy crisis? 8. Describe Carter’s foreign policy, using examples to show its impact. 9. What were factors that increased Americans’ concerns about environmental issues? 10. What was the impact of the Three Mile Island incident?
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