1. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

2. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Objective
General
Provide the scientific framework of the OL Trap Program of Dengue vector control
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

3. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Objective
Specific
Explain the concept of vector control
Explain dengue vector control
Explain Integrated Vector Control (IVC) and Integrated Vector Management (IVM)
Discuss the components of IVC from vector biology to control measures
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

4. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Objective
Specific
Describe vector surveillance as it applies to dengue OL Trap in a classroom setting
Answer the fourteen questions enumerated in the situationer
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

5. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Objective
Specific
Identify the following
Mosquito eggs in a lawanit paddle
Ovitrap (black tumbler and paddle)
Mosquito larva
Pupae
Positive/negative trap
Adults
Entomological forms (Ovitrap/OL Trap)
Pellets
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

6. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Situationer
Urban / semi-urban setting
Big public elementary school in City “X”
3-story building (~30-35 feet)
10 classrooms per floor 16x20 feet per room)
50-55 pupils occupy one classroom from 8am-5pm
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

7. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Situationer
~ 1,200-1,500 pupils
No electric fans in the classrooms
One aircon and/or electric fan at principal’s office
Houses near the school
Presence of flower vases, water containers
Click Here
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

8. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Questions
How many ovitraps/OL Traps are needed to be installed in the elementary school?
Where should the traps be installed?
When should the traps be installed?
How frequent should the traps be installed?
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

9. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Questions
What is the procedure to be followed in installing the traps? In servicing the traps? What is the meaning of servicing the traps?
Who will install and service the traps?
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

10. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Questions
Who will monitor and check the traps?
Monitor
Empty tumbler
Missing tumbler/paddle
Check
If positive/negative?
Is there a form to be filled-out?
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

11. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Questions
What index needs to be obtained?
What formula is to be used?
What is the meaning of the index obtained?
Who will record and compute for the index?
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

12. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Questions
To whom should the data be submitted to? Why?
For how long will this ovitrapping be done?
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

13. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
What’s inside?
Vector
Surveillance
Prevention and Control
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

14. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Vector
An arthropod (insects, mites, ticks) that are capable of: acquiring, supporting the development and transmitting a pathogenic agent (bacteria, viruses, parasites) from one host to another host
Example: mosquito Aedes sp transmitting dengue virus
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

15. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Vector Control
suppression of a target population by using measures to alter the vector reproductive capacity or potential (Vector Genetics Course, 2010, India)
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

16. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Dengue Vector Control
Application of various anti-DEN mosquito measures to alter the life cycle of the mosquito
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

17. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Dengue Vector Control
Specific Targets
Prevent and cut dengue transmission by:
Targeting larval stage through
Trapping
Larviciding
Container management
Environmental sanitation
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

18. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Dengue Vector Control
Specific Targets
Prevent and cut dengue transmission by:
Targeting adult stage through
Adulticiding
Space-spraying
Aerosol treatment
Genetic manipulation of reproductive capacity of mosquito
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

19. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Dengue Vector Control
Specific Targets
Prevent and cut dengue transmission by:
Prevention of man-mosquito contact
curtains
Screening of doors and windows
Long pants
Repellants
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

20. Integrated Vector Control
Combination of 2 or more vector control activities supplementary to each other towards reduction of dengue incidence
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

21. Integrated Vector Management
utilization of technical and managerial measures to bring about an effective degree of vector suppression to prevent and control transmission
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

22. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Components of IVC
Vector biology/behavior
Surveillance tool (Ovitrap/OL Trap surveillance index)
Critical Threshold Density Index (effective degree of vector suppression [Ovitrap index]
Control Measures
Monitoring and evaluation
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

23. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
The Vector
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

24. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Vector Biology
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus
General characteristics
- primary vector
- involve in cases of epidemics
- urbanized areas
- lives indoors
- secondary vector
- maintains the virus in the environment
- rural areas
- lives outdoors
Breeding habitat
- confined to artificial containers indoors
- prefers to breed outdoor, in natural containers
Resting habits
- rests in cool, dark corners of the house
- rests outdoors in clearings and vegetations
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

25. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Morphology
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus
Size
- 3-4 mm
- same
Color
- dark brown to black
Thorax
- lyre-shaped white marks or scales
- single white marks
Abdomen
- with white scales
- with white and dark marks
Legs
- with white marks
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

26. Vector Characteristics
Biting Habits
“daybiters” with two peaks of biting time:
1 to 2 hours after sunrise
1 to 2 hours before sunset
only female mosquitoes bite because of the requirement of blood for oviposition
males do not bite but feed on plant juices and nectar of flowers
man is the preferred host but in his absence, lower vertebrates serve as substitute
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

27. Vector Characteristics
Flying Habit
do not fly great distances
farthest flight distance is within 200 to 400 meters radius from their breeding places
Adults found around 50 meters from the breeding sources
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

28. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Bionomics
at temperatures <10oC and >40oC, no developmental process takes place
females mates with male only once
Blood meal takes place after hours from emergence and after mating for egg production
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

29. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Bionomics
oviposition takes place about 2 to 5 days from blood engorgement
prefers dark-colored background for oviposition
lays egg 3 to 4 times in its lifetime
60 to 100 eggs per batch
Survival potential: days
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

30. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Life Cycle (10-12 days)
Eggs:
- Black and oval in shape
- Laid singly above water surfaces of containers
- Without float
- Viability: 6 months to 1 year due to the presence of chorion
2 - 3 days 
Larva:
- Feeding stage
- Breeds in clean and non-polluted water
- Short and stout siphon with one pair of hair tuft
- Rests at an angle to the water surface
6 - 8 days 
Pupa
-Non-feeding stage
-Breeding trumpet is long, slender with narrow opening
1 - 2 days 
Adult
-Maxillary pulps shorter than probosis
-Wings uniformly grayish black
-Body and legs are black with distinctive white patches throughout
-Thorax has markings
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

31. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Surveillance
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

32. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Vector Surveillance
Collection and interpretation of data which can be used to guide mosquito vector control operations
Establish baseline
Presence or absence of vector
Species?
Density?
Changes?
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

33. Dengue Surveillance Tool
Classical OVITRAP/LARVITRAP (black tumbler, paddle, water)
Modified OVITRAP is the OLTRAP (black container, paddle, water and organic larvicide)
2 adults (females) emerging per day (Malaysian experience)
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

34. Difference between tools
Ovitrap
OL Trap
Eggs on the paddle
- Yes
Live larva seen
- No
Action
- Eggs trapped
With organic larvicide
Value-added
None
- Additional attractant (kills larva)
Risk
- with white marks
- same
Benefit
- Breeds Aedes, if uncollected (set and collect)
- Breeds Aedes, if uncollected after 7 days (set and collect)
Index (CTDI)
- Ovitrap index : 10%
- OLTrap: 10%
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

35. Ovitrap Index Total Number of positive traps
Total Number of traps planted
If OI is >10%, the place is vulnerable to dengue transmission.
X 100%
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

36. Critical Threshold Density Index (CTDI)
Actual target for the degree of vector suppression
Predictive value for the prevention of dengue transmission
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

37. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Remember:
A positive trap means there is at least one mosquito laying its eggs in the sampling site (surveillance site)
Aim is eliminate this one mosquito laying its eggs
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

38. What is DOST Mosquito Ovi/Larvicidal (OL) Trap System?
Is a system used to control the population of the
dengue carrying Aedes mosquitoes.
It has three important parts: a black container, a
small strip of lawanit measuring 1” x 6.5” for
mosquitoes to lay their eggs on, and pellets as
larvicide.
The OL-Trap’s ovicidal and larvicidal effect
prevent the next generation of mosquitoes from
reaching adulthood, thus curbing the Aedes
mosquito population.
Tumbler
Paddle
Pellets
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

39. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
HOW THE OL-TRAP WORKS?
The idea is to attract mosquitoes particularly the Aedes aegypti and albopictus (dengue carrier) to lay their eggs on the lawanit paddle.
The trap creates optimum conditions for this species to lay its eggs: stagnant, clean, clear water, dark area and damp rough surface.
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

40. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
The eggs will either be trapped in the lawanit paddle or find its way into organic solution, where they are killed before transforming into adults.
Eggs
Larvae
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

41. Distribution of OL Trap
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

42. Distribution of OL Trap
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor and
1 OL Trap-outdoor
SCHOOL
CLASSROOM
1 OL Trap –indoor and
1 OL Trap-outdoor

43. Distribution of OL Trap
1 OL Trap indoor
1 Tumbler (Black Container)
1 sachet of pellet per week
1 pc paddle per month
1 OL Trap outdoor
1 Tumbler (Black Container)
1 sachet of pellet per week
1 pc paddle per month
CLASSROOM

44. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Servicing the OL Trap
OVITRAPS are installed and serviced every seven days in locations where transmission of dengue is probable
nursery schools
pre-schools
elementary schools
Hospitals
community with confirmed dengue cases
Ovitrap Index = > 10%
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

45. Before OL Trap Installation
Clean-up all possible breeding sites/containers found inside/outside the classrooms – DO SEARCH and DESTROY
Artificial containers
(man-made)
Natural containers
1. Tree Holes, bamboo stumps
2. Leaf axils, fallen leaves
3. Ground Depressions
1. Flower vases and pot plates
2. Pails, water-storage jars, basins
3. Discarded receptacles
4. Choked roof gutters
5. Gully Traps
6. Unused toilet bowls and cisterns
7. Aircon Tray and dish rack tray
8. Concrete drains
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

46. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Where to set up the DOST OL-Trap?
A. Indoor:
Under the sink
Corner of the room
Under the cabinet
Under the bed
Inside the comfort room
B. Outdoor (covered area):
Corner of the classroom
Near vegetation
Piles of woods/hollow blocks
Garden
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

47. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Setting the OL Trap
Step 1
Fill the plastic tumbler with tap water up to the lined mark just above the DOST logo (~250 ml)
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

48. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Setting the OL Trap
Step 2
Pour one pack OL pellets into the plastic cup
Stir thoroughly to ensure
pellets are dissolved
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

49. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Setting the OL Trap
Step 3
Place the lawanit stick in the solution with the rough surface facing up
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

50. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Setting the OL Trap
Step 4
Place 1 cup each inside and outside the classroom in a low-lying and dark area
If outside, protect from direct sunlight and rainfall
Take care not to spill the contents
Keep out of reach of children and animals
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

51. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Setting the OL Trap
Step 5
Collect trap and note for
the following on the seventh (one week after installation (every Monday) day
Eggs on the paddle
Live larva/pupa
The presence of even one
larvae indicates a positive trap
Record in the OL Trap Monitoring Sheet (3 copies)
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

52. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Setting the OL Trap
Step 6
Repeat steps 1-5 every 7 days
Set and collect the traps every Monday
Finalize report every Tuesday
Note: If collection period falls on a holiday, please collect traps a day before
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

53. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Cleaning the Trap
Vigorously brush-off into the solution eggs stuck into the lawanit creases
Kill the larva/eggs by pouring hot water into the black tumbler
Dispose contents properly by pouring
contents on dry ground
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

54. Identifying a POSITIVE/NEGATIVE Trap
Presence (+)/ absence (-)
of eggs in the paddle
Presence (+)/ absence (-) of larvae in the container/tumbler with water
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

55. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
An OL Trap is positive or negative if;
Paddle
Tumbler
RESULT
Positive (+) =
POSITIVE (+)
Negative (-)
NEGATIVE (-)
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

56. OL Trap Monitoring Sheet
Click here
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

57. Filling Out of Monitoring Sheet
Click Here
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

58. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
Prevention / Control
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

59. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
School Assemblies
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

60. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
School Dengue Brigade
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

61. Search and Destroy Activities
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

62. Brigada Iskwela (School Clean-ups)
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

63. Installation of Long-lasting Insecticide-treated Nets (LLINs)
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

64. Space-spraying Activities
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DOST School-based O/L Trap Program

65. DOST School-based O/L Trap Program
“Dengue prevention and control rests primarily on the people who live in the houses where the problems occur and by the people who help create the mosquito larval habitats by their lifestyles.”
15 April 2017
DOST School-based O/L Trap Program