1. Class 33

2. The Dark Triad of Personality

3. MACHIAVELLIAN NARCISSIST PSYCHOPATH The Dark Triad

4. First distinguished by Paulhus & Williams (2002) Narcissist: egotistical attention-seeker Machiavellian: strategic manipulation Psychopath: impulsive thrill-seeker

5. What is the common factor? N MP callousness

6. CLINICAL LEVEL -serious problems -requires professional intervention SUB-CLINICAL LEVEL -mild version, can manage in everyday society -BUT maladaptive because aversive to others

7. Psychopath

8. Clinical version key features: impulsive & callous Keeps committing crimes Never learns Most of life spent in prison

9. The Subclinical Version Successful psychopath: milder or paired with a desirable attribute Has avoided prison – so far Dark Niches: Bullies, nasty bosses

10. Hockey Goons - paid big salary to be nasty - often nasty outside of sport

11. e.g., - drill instructors in military - paid to toughen you up

12. Narcissist

13. Clinical Version SYNDROME Sense of superiority Constant bragging Feels entitled to superior treatment Needs attention WHY? Deep insecurity

14. Sub-clinical Version

15. SYNDROME Begins with conceit? Gifted with desirable attribute e.g., admired celebrities Acquired narcissism? Can encourage destructive behavior

16. Examples Lindsay Lohan Kanye West

17. The Machiavellian

18. Niccolo Machiavelli

19. history Advisor to the Medici family in Italy (ca. 1500) To succeed in politics, you must manipulate others TACTICS: e.g., flatter important people EXCUSE: Most people are ignorant and deserve to be manipulated

20. Sun-Tzu: The Art of War (ca. 500 B.C.) Ancient Precedent

21. Financial manipulator Bernie Madoff

22. Relations among the DARK TRIAD: Q: are they actually the same person? A: No, but positively correlated Q: Are they mutually exclusive? A: No, they can be found in the same person.

23. OUR RESEARCH Designed to differentiate the Dark Triad Used questionnaires to predict actual behavior

24. WHO CHEATS ? A. Copying answers during exams Subclinical psychopaths B. Plagiarizing term papers Machiavellians

25. WHO AGGRESSES? Jones & Paulhus study (2013)

26. white noise paradigm Advertised as Competitive Game Study

27. Results Narcissists aggressed after being insulted Psychopaths aggressed after being attacked

28. CONCLUSIONS

29. Summary of D3 Features Narcissists brag Psychopaths impulsively hurt others & don’t care Machiavellians manipulate to get what they want All are callous

30. They can co-occur Mohammar Gadhafi Adolph Hitler Josef Stalin

31. The newest member The sadistic personality

32. Sexual Sadism -from the Marquis de Sade -popular novel 50 Shades of Grey

33. Criminal Sadism -Clifford Olson

34. Political Sadism -Vlad the Impaler

35. EVERYDAY SADISM -non sexual -non criminal

36. Abusive prison guards

37. Cage Fighting

38. films, television, video games 1. Clockwork Orange 2. Sopranos 3. Grand Theft Auto

39. EVERYDAY (NON-SEXUAL SADISM) CAUSES Sadism encouraged by authorities Encouraged by in-group favoritism Encouraged by sports norms Personal revenge

40. Question: How to show sadism in the psychology laboratory? Answer: Show that Sadism questionnaire predicts amount of bug crunching

41. 30 percent willing to crunch bugs in a grinder Give me more ! 30 percent willing to work for opportunity to blast innocent partner with loud white noise

42. RESULTS Those who score high on the Everyday Sadism Scale will be more willing to crunch the bug themselves Also those scoring high on RWA agreed if experimenter insisted (cf. Milgram)

43. OTHER RESULTS Similar results for males and females Common enjoyment of all violent media Predicted by Everyday Sadism scale Linked to animal cruelty, fire-lighting, and vandalism Sexual sadism only slightly related Unrelated to self-harm Relatively independent of Dark Triad !

44. CONCLUSIONS We tend to lump together bad personalities To understand dark characters, more differentiation is needed DARK TETRAD Maybe more…………..