1. JSC History Week 5 Session 1 Hideyoshi’s Invasion of Korea Doyoung Park Osaka Gakuin University

2. Last Session Review Local identity and local heroes Three big heroes Oda Nobunaga Toyotomi Hideyoshi Tokugawa Ieyasu

3. Today’s Topic 1592 Hideyoshi’s Invasion

4. Invasion of Korea, 1592 Lasted 7 years Japan, Korea and China involved Affected the East Asian world What was the reason? What was the impact?

5. Factor1: Hideyoshi’s Ambition Hideyoshi’s fan

6. Factor1: Hideyoshi’s Ambition 1585, Ambition to conquer Korea and China 1587, Plan to invade Korea 1591, Hideyoshi’s ambassador to Korea Borrowing the way to China

7. Hideyoshi Provoked Korea

8. Korea’s Ignorance Two ambassadors to Japan Hwang Yun-kil : Hideyoshi will invade Korea Kim Seong-il: Hideyoshi will not The government accepted Kim’s opinion Ignored Japan’s movement Looked down Japan’s power Looked as pirates

9. April 14 1592 The war broke out 210,000 Japanese solders landed

10. Fast Advance of Japanese Army Only 20 days from Busan to Seoul, (430km)

11. Weak Korean Military Force Long peaceful days – inexperienced solders Total: 145,620 Elite unit: 23,620 Support Unit 15,700 Battle Unit: 7,920 7,920 VS 210,000

12. Experienced and Trained Japanese military force Experienced the Civil War for 106 years Military camp society

13. New Weapons Korean Cavaliers Japanese Musketeers

15. Hideyoshi’s Strategy Do not exploit the people Do not burn buildings down Do not plunder Plan to utilize Korea as the outpost for the invasion of China General did not follow these order well

16. Chinese Reinforcement Sep. 1592 58,500 solders

17. Civilian Volunteers

18. Korean navy’s victory Commodore, Lee Sun-shin Japan lost 59 ships and 9,000 solders

19. Cutting the Japanese supply routes

20. Cease Fire and Reinvasion China, Korea, Japan, 1593 Rupture of the negotiation 1597 Japan reinvaded Korea with 140,000

21. Japanese Navy’s Counter Attack Korea lost 20,000 solders, only 12 ships survived

22. Change of Hideyoshi’s Polocies From “utilizing Korean peasants” to “scorched earth” Plan to occupy Korea as new lands for the daimyo awards Suppress the complains from daimyo Motivation of war business Plundering allowed War went more cruel

23. Namwon Battle 5000 Korean, Chinese solder and civilians 56,000 Japanese army attacked All people were killed and Japanese solders cut heads and noses from the bodies Number of heads and noses were the criteria of award

24. Lee Sun-shin Returns 31 VS 333 Situation of the war changed

25. Lee Sun-shin, the National Hero Kwanghwamun Square

26. The Last of the War, Ulsan Battle

27. The End of the War Death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, 1598 Retreat of the Japanese force

28. Aftermath of the War Korea 70,000/97,600, 72% of solders were killed 3 million civilians were killed, 25% of the total population Social status system collapsed 70% of agricultural fields were destroyed Industries collapsed

29. Aftermath of the War Ming dynasty, China Political problems and weak military Destroyed by Manchurian, Ching

30. Aftermath of the War Japan Change of feudal lords power dynamics Weakened powerful feudal lords  Hideyoshi’s political calculation Rise of Tokugawa Ieyasu Rapid development of industry Kidnapped Korean artisans  Woodblock printing technology  Pottery

31. Shimazu Yoshihiro Feudal lord of Satsuma prefecture (Kakoshima) Kidnapped Korean artisans

32. Satsuma-yaki 薩摩焼