1. The Middle Colonies

2. Geography Four states make up the Middle Colonies
New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware
Warmer climate than New England with longer growing season

3. New York Began as Dutch colony of New Amsterdam Economic success!
Famers were prosperous
Base of fur trade between Dutch and Native Americans
Traded with British colonies
Small Dutch population
Colonists were from France, Sweden, Portugal
English Puritans on Long Island

4. New York Tension between England and Netherlands
Trade rivals
Arrangement of colonies
1664 King Charles II of England granted all Dutch lands in North America to his brother James
James had to conquer the territory
James sent warships and Dutch immediately surrendered
Colony renamed New York after James, the Duke of York
New Amsterdam the capital was now known as New York City

5. New Jersey Established in 1665 At first was a proprietary colony
Part of NY split off to start new colony
At first was a proprietary colony
In 1702 received a charter as a royal colony
Proprietary Colony: a colony created by a grant of land from monarch to an individual or family
Royal Colony: a colony controlled directly by the English king

6. Pennsylvania
Quaker leader William Penn wanted to find a place for Quakers to live where they would be safe from persecution
Knew King Charles II personally, used connection to get a charter
Arrived to his colony in 1682
Capital is named Philadelphia “City of Brotherly Love”

7. Pennsylvania Printed pamphlets and distributed around Europe
Considered his colony to be his “holy experiment”
Goal was to create colony in which people from different religious backgrounds could live peacefully
Wrote freedom of religion into the Frame of Government
Dealt fairly with Native Americans
People couldn’t settle on land until it was sold from Native Americans

8. Delaware Penn’s charter for Pennsylvania included Delaware
Delaware didn’t want to send delegates to a distant assembly in Philadelphia
Penn gave the area its own representative assembly
1704 became a separate colony

9. Growth of Middle Colonies
Fertile soil and hard work made farms productive
Cash crop was wheat
Sold to New England and abroad
Manufacturers produced iron, flour, and paper
Artisans worked as shoemakers, carpenters, masons, and weavers