1. NORTH AMERICA (CHAPTER 3)

2. DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS  (US & CANADA)  ENGLISH LANGUAGE  CHRISTIAN FAITHS  EUROPEAN NORMS GOVERNMENT, ARCHITECTURE, DIET, ARTS  HIGHLY URBANIZED  MOBILE POPULATIONS  HIGH INCOMES  FEDERAL STATES

3. PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS

4. CLIMATE PATTERNS

6. 182 0 18401860188019001920194019601980 THE IMMIGRANT EXPERIENCE: 1820-1980 British Isles Germany Scandinavia South/East Europe Latin America Asia Immigration in 1000s Push Factors Pull Factors +1840s: Irish Potato Famine+Economic Opportunity +1850-1920: Overpopulation, War+Political/Religious Freedom +Recent: Overpopulation, War, Oppression+Land Availability 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

7. ETHNIC PATTERNS

8. POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

9.  CONCERNED WITH THE SPATIAL ASPECTS OF CITIES AND URBAN SYSTEMS  MAJOR THEMES HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF CITIES PLANNING AND POLICY-MAKING  URBAN SPATIAL CHANGE: Single-centered urban structure of the past is transformed into a multicentered model in which several outlying activity concentrations rival the Central Business District (CBD) URBAN GEOGRAPHY

10. COMPONENTS OF THE SPATIAL ECONOMY  ACTIVITIES OR SECTORS Primary (Extractive Activities) Secondary (Manufacturing) Tertiary (Services) Quaternary (Information) Quinary (Management)

11. INDUSTRIAL LOCATION FACTORS  Location of raw materials  Labor availability  Energy availability  Location of markets  Transportation

12. NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURING

13. POSTINDUSTRIAL COMMUNICATIONS

14. FUELRESOURCES

15. AGRICULTURE IN THE U.S.

17. Detroit Montreal Quebec City Toronto Windsor “MAIN STREET CLUSTER” IN CANADA See next slide

18. CANADACANADA Canada achieves 79% urbanization, like the U.S.

19. Pick one of these 9 and discuss in detail, for test:  NORTH AMERICAN CORE  MARITIME NORTHEAST  FRENCH CANADA  CONTINENTAL INTERIOR  SOUTH  SOUTHWEST  WESTERN FRONTIER  NORTHERN FRONTIER  PACIFIC HINGE REGIONS OF THE REALM

20. REGIONS OF THE REALM

21. NORTH AMERICAN CORE  SYNONYMOUS WITH THE MANUFACTURING BELT  CONTAINS LARGEST CITY AND CAPITAL OF BOTH COUNTRIES  EXTENSIVE TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS AND FACILITIES  GROWING IMPACT OF POSTINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBALIZATION

22. MARITIME NORTHEAST  UPPER NEW ENGLAND AND THE ATLANTIC PROVINCES  ECONOMIC FOCUS PRIMARY ACTIVITIES RECREATION TOURISM

23. FRENCH CANADA  THE SOUTHERN PORTION OF QUEBEC AND NEIGHBORING ACADIA  LONG LOT LAND DIVISION SYSTEM  IMPACT OF QUEBEC’S SEPARATIST MOVEMENT  MONTREAL

24. FRANCOPHONE QUEBEC

25. CONTINENTAL INTERIOR  CENTER OF CONTERMINOUS U.S. AND SOUTHERN CANADA  TREMENDOUS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY  CORN AND WHEAT BELTS; SOYBEANS  URBAN CENTERS KANSAS CITY MINNEAPOLIS-ST PAUL WINNIPEG OMAHA DENVER

26. SOUTH  SOUTHEAST CORNER OF THE REALM  MOST DYNAMIC REGION IN TERMS OF CHANGE  CONTINUING ECONOMIC PROBLEMS  POVERTY AND INCOME DISPARITY  CHANGING DEMOGRAPHICS

27. SOUTHWEST  US-MEXICAN BORDERLAND – a lot of cross-migration to work  A TRICULTURAL REGION E. J. PALKA

28. WESTERN FRONTIER  REALM’S NEWEST REGION  POPULATION INFLUX  THE LAS VEGAS BOOM  OTHER METROPOLISES DENVER SALT LAKE CITY

29. NORTHERN FRONTIER  NORTH OF 52°N LATITUDE  NORTH AMERICA’S LARGEST REGION  FRONTIER STATUS  INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

30. PACIFIC HINGE  PACIFIC COASTLANDS OF THE CONTERMINOUS U.S. AND SW CANADA  LEGACY OF 20 TH CENTURY CONTINUOUS GROWTH  BALANCE BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENT  NATURAL HAZARDS