1. Postmodern City & Space of Flows (2) Toronto’s and Montreal’s Examples

2. Outline Toronto: from Modernization to Postmodernism Modernization and Anti-Moernism: Regent Park as an exampleModernizationAnti-Moernism Regent Park Postmodern Urbanism: Postmodern Urbanism Renovation of Historical Building and the Retro ChicRenovation of Historical Building and the Retro Chic Urban Social Movements Social Geography of Toronto: the Issue of GentrificationSocial Geography of Toronto

3. Modernization and Anti- Modernism Modernization – architecture: geometric design; universal structure committed to a ‘unified organization of life.” (Less is Beautiful; More is Bore.”) Urban design – rationalized division of functions in life// zoning of a city

4. Anti-Modernism e.g. Mumford, Jane Jacobs,Venturi (p. 102) 1. destroy the historic fabric and organic structure of traditional cities 2. De-humanizing; mechanical 3. Ignore the practical functions of life (e.g. pedestrian walkway  “The City is not a Tree.) 4. Hostility between the modern forms and the city dwellers (  Regent Park)Regent Park

5. Modernist Housing Project Canada's oldest social housing project, having been built in the late 1940s. Location: bounded by Gerrard Street to the north, River Street to the east, Shuter Street to the south, and Parliament Street to the west. A majority of families in Regent Park are classified as low-income, with 68% of the population living below the LICO (Canada's Low-Income Cut-Off Rate) in one of its census tracts and 76% in the other (compared to a Toronto-wide average of just over 20%). Now being revitalized (source )source

6. Regent Park: Location East

7. Regent Park: Location

8. Regent Park: Image

9. Postmodern Urban Design A mixture of styles ‘consistent with nearby traditional forms.’ (p. 101; 105 ) 1. a difference practice of Modernism’s egalitarian objectives; 2. Dialogic, rather than monologic (107) 3. Turns the utopian vision into something communicative—created by the people, but not the designers alone. Examples: Yonge Street BCE Place; BCE Place some malls in the suburban areassome malls

10. Renovation and Preservation of Historical Preservation Yonge Street, north from Adelaide, Toronto, Ontario, c. 1885.

11. Renovation and Preservation of Historical Preservation Yonge Street, present

12. Historical Preservation: Retro Chic BCE –More …More … Canada Trust

13. Historical Preservation: Retro Chic Façade of an old building

14. Mall – Disney Like Erin Mills Town Centre Mississauga, ON Woodbine Centre Etobicoke, ON More...

15. Woodbine Centre: Fantasy Land D é ju vu?

16. Urban Social Movements Local Social Movements—not necessarily organized by class. Two different views: In resistance to the global flows and flexible accumulation, urban social movements cannot avoid sliding into ‘parochialism, myopia and self-referentiality.’ directed at specific circumstances, but not the general, more strategic objectives.  failure to attach the real targets. e.g. Middle-class resettlement in Toronto (p. 109-110); 七號公園 vs. 保護寶藏巖運動。

17. Social Geography of Toronto: General Characteristics 1. Gentrification; 2. Waterfront development; 3. Increasing demographic and functional diversity of suburbs. –GTA: polynucleated urban region. 4. Deindustrialization of inner city; deagriculturalization of some rural villages.

18. Social Geography of Toronto: General Characteristics (2) 1. Development Mercantile ( 重商 )  Commercial  Industrial  Corporate 1.  Differences from the American cities: no utter abandonment of inner residential districts; similarities ‘Anglophone suburb’ 2.  How about Taipei?

19. References Virtual Tours: Toronto http://www.toronto.com/feature/244/index.html http://www.toronto.com/feature/244/index.html Greater Toronto Area: Places & Streets http://www.dplib.com/epc_tor.htm http://www.dplib.com/epc_tor.htm Examples: Regent Park http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/R egent%20Park http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/R egent%20Park 從寶藏巖出發，然後我們回到城鄉所 http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~eng/csa/journal/journal_park135.htm http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~eng/csa/journal/journal_park135.htm