3.  Eliminated inefficiency and corruption  Still a heavy tax burden on bourgeoisie, peasantry and working class  Reduced nobilities influence in Local affairs  Sent Royal officials  Intendants  Assassinated by nobles 1610 Henry IV Issues Edict of Nantes 1598 Right-hand man, the minister Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully (1560–1641),Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully - to regularise state finance, - promote agriculture - drain swamps to create productive crop lands, - undertake many public works - encourage education

4. LOUIS XIII KING AT 10 (1610) Henry IV assassinated Marie de’ Medici Regent dismissed Henry IV chief Minister Sully Appointed Richelieu as Chief Minister in1624 –Expand power of King by destroying Huguenots Nobles Used Intendants to limit power of Nobles

7. DOMINATE EUROPE ORDER, STABILITY, AND REFORM IN FRANCE

10.  ADVISORS--  Kept a group of Professional diplomats as his advisors. - Cardinal Richelieu  Cardinal Mazarin Takes over after Richelieu’s death  THE FRONDE-- 1648-1653 (slang for “slingshot” – used by the boys in the streets of Paris)

11.  Series of rebellions against royal power – lead by the nobles and the townspeople  WHY????  Authority had been undermined by the Royal Officials  Represented a threat to the crown’s power  Ultimately served to strengthen the crown’s power  The disorder it created showed the people the need for a strong monarchy

12.  Began at Mazarin’s death  “L’etat, c’est moi” – “I am the state”  Absolute power  “lettre de cache” – authorized imprisonment or exile without trial  1660 –Married Marie Therese – political

13.  To limit power of nobility he appointed more middle class  Selling the titles – “nobles of the robe” they undermined “nobility of the sword”  Versailles – King’s residence and center of government  Cost a great deal of money

15.  Controlled finances under Louis XIV  Expanded government role in the economy  Encouraged industry  Built roads and canals  Nobility and clergy stayed tax exempt  tax burden remained on peasants and lower middle class  Inadequacy of financial system was a major weak spot

17.  GALLICANISM  Louis XIV exercised administrative control over the church in France  REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OF NANTES  Louis XIV believed in Religious unity  200,000 Huguenots fled causing economic problems – France was deprived of their knowledge and skills

18. THE WAR OF DEVOLUTION (1667-1668)  France was awarded several towns on the border of the Spanish Netherlands THE DUTCH WAR (1672 – 1678)  France gained several additional towns along the border of the Spanish Netherlands THE WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF AUGSBURG (9 YEARS’ WAR) – (1688 – 1697)  France lost most of its prior gains, but kept Alsace

19.  Louis XIV – claimed his grandson Philip of Anjou was heir to the Spanish throne  Hapsburg Holy Roman Emperor Leopold challenged – claiming the throne was for his son Charles  England, Holland & Holy Roman Emperor joined forces against France

20.  Philip of Anjou became King Philip V of Spain  Neither he nor his successors could occupy the French throne  France lost a number of colonies in the New World, but kept Quebec

21.  Created a Political Alliance with Spain.  BUILT THE PALACE OF VERSAILLES  Forced the Nobility to live there  They had all the privileges they wanted and non of the power.  He had ABSOLUTE CONTROL