1. I.C. ENGINES Practical No: 5 (22 Apr, 2014)

2. Indicated Power P i Date Definition of P i Is the actual power developed by the engine Burning of fuel ( Chemical Energy) in the cylinder produces Mechanical Energy Objective To measure the energy available at flywheel

3. Indicated Power P i Apparatus Engine Indicator Planimeter

4. Indicated Power P i Procedure Warm up engine Attach indicator with the engine Put load Indicator will generate indicator diagram Diagram is recording of the pressure and rate of pressure changes in the cylinder at all points during the cycle It will give record of combustion process and pressure rise, which will show any fault in the timing of the ignition or valves

5. Indicated Power P i Diagram

11. Indicated Power P i Results By using planimeter the area of pv diagram can be calculated The gauge points on the instrument are adjusted to the length of the diagram Now boundary of the diagram is traced around by the pointer on the instrument Reading on its scale is noted

12. Indicated Power P i

13. Indicated Power P i By calculation Symbols p = Mean effective pressure (m.e.p) kN/m 2 L = Length of the piston stroke, m A = Cross sectional area of the piston S = Number of working strokes per second

14. Indicated Power P i By calculation

15. Total force on piston = m.e.p. x cross sectional area Work done by the piston in one stock = force on piston ( N) x length of stock (m) W.D = m.e.p. x Area x stock ( kJ) W.D. = p x A x L (kJ) Work done by piston per sec = p x A x L x S ( kJ) Indicated power (P i ) = p x L x A x S

16. Indicated Power P i By calculation Indicated power (P i ) = p x L x A x S b.m.e.p. = x i.m.e.p

17. Example A four cylinder, four stock engine with 100 mm bore and 100 mm stock develops its maximum power at 3600 rev/min. At this speed the i.m.e.p. is 760 kN/m and mechanical efficiency is 85 %. Find indicated power and b.e.m.p

18. Example

19. Formula Indicated power (P i ) = p x L x A x S Sol P i = (760 x o.1 x 3.1416 x 0.1 x 0.1x 120)/4 = 71.63 kN/m 2 b.m.e.p. = 760 x 0.85 kN/m 2 = 646 kN/m 2

20. Example A six cylinder, four stock engine with 60 mm bore and 85 mm stock develops a break power at 24 kW at 2200 rev/min. Calculate b.e.m.p at this speed Let p denoted by b.m.e.p.

21. Example

22. Formula P b = p x L x A x S Sol 24 = ( p x 0.085 x 3.1416 x 0.06 2 x 110)/4 p = 907 kN/m 2