1. Image Processing

2. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction

3. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Digital Image Processing What is digital image processing (DIP)? –Digital images: A pixel has a location (the spatial coordinate) and a value. Digital images can be from many types of sources. –Digital image processing Digital image processing is closely related to signal processing at one end, and to computer vision at the other end.

4. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Computer Vision –Computer vision: Computer vision is concerned with making computers “understand” what is contained in an image and other functions of human vision. It is sometimes considered to be a topic of artificial intelligence. However, it is not possible to state exactly where image processing ends and computer vision begins. If you compare a digital image processing book and a computer vision book, you will find a lot of overlap.

5. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Examples of Fields That Use Digital Image Processing Energy of one photon

6. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Gamma-Ray Imaging Figure 1.6 (a) shows an image if a complete bone scan obtained by using gamma-ray imaging. Figure 1.6 (b) shows a tumor ( 腫瘤 ) in the brain and one in the lung. Figure 1.6 (c) shows the Cygnus Loop ( 天鵝座星 雲 ) imaged in the gamma- ray band. Figure 1.6 (d) shows an image of gamma radiation from a valve ( 閥 ) in a nuclear reactor( 原子爐 ).

7. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods X-ray Imaging Figure 1.7 (a) : Chest X- ray ( 胸部 x 光 ). Figure 1.7 (b) : Aortic angiogram ( 大主動脈的 血管造影 ). Figure 1.7 (c) : Head CAT ( 腦部斷層攝影 ). Figure 1.7 (d) : Circuit boards. Figure 1.7 (e) : Cygnus Loop imaged in the X-ray band.

8. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Imaging in the Ultraviolet Band Figure 1.8 (a) : normal corn ( 正 常的玉米 ) Figure 1.8 (b) : smut corn ( 害上 黑穗病的玉米 ) Figure 1.8 (c) : Cygnus Loop imaged in the ultraviolet band.

9. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Imaging in the Visible and Infrared Bands Figure 1.9 (a) : Taxol ( 泰克索， 一種抗癌藥物 ) Figure 1.9 (b) : Cholesterol ( 膽 固醇 ) Figure 1.9 (c) : Microprocessor ( 放大 60 倍 ) Figure 1.9 (d) : Nickel oxide thin film ( 鎳氧化物薄膜 ) Figure 1.9 (e) : Surface of audio CD ( 放大 1750 倍 ) Figure 1.9 (f) : Organic superconductor ( 有機超導體 )

10. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Thematic Bands in NASA’s LANDSAT Satellite

11. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods LANDSAT Satellite Images

12. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Imaging in the Visible and Infrared Bands

13. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Infrared Imaging

14. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Infrared Imaging

16. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

17. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

18. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Imaging in the Microwave Band

19. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Imaging in the Radio Band MRI: magnetic resonance imaging Imaging in the Radio Band MRI: magnetic resonance imaging

20. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Imaging in the Radio Band PS. Crab Pulsar: 巨蟹座脈衝星

21. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Other Examples

22. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Other Examples

23. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing

24. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Fundamental Steps in Digital Image Processing Image acquisition: Chapter 2 Image enhancement: Chapters 3, 4 Image restoration: Chapter 5(skip) Color image processing: Chapter 6 Wavelets: Chapter 7 (skip) Compression: Chapter 8 (skip) Morphological processing: Chapter 9 Image segmentation: Chapter 10 Representation and description: Chapter 11 Object recognition: Chapter 12

25. Digital Image Processing, 2nd ed. www.imageprocessingbook.com © 2002 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Components of an Image Processing System