1. Chapter 4 Opener: Woodhouse’s toad

2. 4.1 A complex response to simple stimuli

3. 4.2 A simple rule of thumb governs this beetle’s mating behavior

4. 4.3 Pioneers in the study of animal behavior

5. 4.4 Begging behavior by a gull chick

6. 4.5 Effectiveness of different visual stimuli in triggering the begging behavior of herring gull chicks

7. 4.6 Instinct theory

8. 4.7 A code breaker

9. 4.8 Bolas spider deception

10. 4.9 Complex code breaking by a wasp (Part 1)

11. 4.9 Complex code breaking by a wasp (Part 2)

12. 4.10 The eyestalks of a fiddler crab point straight up

13. 4.11 Noctuid moth ears

14. 4.12 Neurons and their operation

15. 4.13 Neural network of a moth

16. 4.14 Properties of the ultrasound-detecting auditory receptors of a noctuid moth (Part 1)

17. 4.14 Properties of the ultrasound-detecting auditory receptors of a noctuid moth (Part 2)

18. 4.15 How moths might locate bats in space (Part 1)

19. 4.15 How moths might locate bats in space (Part 2)

20. 4.15 How moths might locate bats in space (Part 3)

21. 4.16 Bat ultrasonic cries trigger evasive behavior in a number of insects

22. 4.17 Is the A2 cell necessary for anti-interception behavior by moths? (Part 1)

23. 4.17 Is the A2 cell necessary for anti-interception behavior by moths? (Part 2)

24. 4.18 Avoidance of and attraction to different sound frequencies by crickets (Part 1)

25. 4.18 Avoidance of and attraction to different sound frequencies by crickets (Part 2)

26. 4.19 How to turn away from a bat—quickly

27. 4.20 Escape behavior by a sea slug

28. 4.21 Neural control of escape behavior in Tritonia

29. 4.22 The central pattern generator of Tritonia in relation to the dorsal ramp interneurons

30. 4.23 Song-producing apparatus of the male plainfin midshipman fish

31. 4.24 Neural control of the sonic muscles in the plainfin midshipman fish

32. 4.25 Tuning curves of a parasitoid fly

33. 4.26 Tuning curves of a katydid killer

34. 4.27 The star-nosed mole’s nose differs greatly from those of its relatives

35. 4.28 A special tactile apparatus (Part 1)

36. 4.28 A special tactile apparatus (Part 2)

37. 4.29 The cortical sensory map of the star-nosed mole (Part 1)

38. 4.29 The cortical sensory map of the star-nosed mole (Part 2)

39. 4.30 Sensory analysis in four insectivores

40. 4.31 Sensory analysis in humans and naked mole-rats

41. 4.32 Ultraviolet-reflecting patterns have great biological significance for some species

42. 4.33 A bird that can sense ultraviolet light

43. 4.34 The ultraviolet reflectance of the throat patch affects mate choice in the bluethroat

44. 4.35 Relevant movements activate neurons in different parts of the superior temporal sulcus

45. 4.36 A special-purpose module in the human brain: the face recognition center

46. 4.37 Specialization of function in different parts of the visual cortex of humans

47. 4.38 A cerebral word analysis center

48. 4.39 The hippocampus is essential for navigation by humans (Part 1)

49. 4.39 The hippocampus is essential for navigation by humans (Part 2)

50. 4.39 The hippocampus is essential for navigation by humans (Part 3)

51. 4.40 The ability to navigate unfamiliar terrain requires a compass sense and map sense (Part 1)

52. 4.40 The ability to navigate unfamiliar terrain requires a compass sense and map sense (Part 2)

53. 4.41 Clock shifting and altered navigation in homing pigeons

54. 4.42 The fall migration route of monarch butterflies takes some butterflies from Canada to Mexico

55. 4.43 Manipulation of the biological clock changes the orientation of migrating monarchs

56. 4.44 Polarized light affects the orientation of monarch butterflies

57. 4.45 Migratory routes taken by five green sea turtles that nested on Ascension Island

58. 4.46 Experimental manipulation of the magnetic field affects the orientation of green sea turtles