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The Novel A Brief History ENGL 124 B03 Winter 2010.

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1 The Novel A Brief History ENGL 124 B03 Winter 2010

2 Lengthy prose fiction (roughly 80,000–120,000 words) What is a novel?

3 Lengthy prose fiction (roughly 80,000–120,000 words) “[R]epresenting character and action with some degree of realism and complexity” (OED) What is a novel?

4 appeared with the spread of the printing press in Europe predecessors: allegories (e.g., Pilgrim’s Progress, by John Bunyan, 1678) romances (e.g., Le Morte D’Arthur, by Thomas Mallory, 1485) picaresques (e.g., The Unfortunate Traveller, by Thomas Nash, 1594) Early English novels http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/SLT/images/PressHist.JPG

5 hotly contested among several candidates, depending on how one defines a ‘true’ novel strong contenders: The first English novel http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/SLT/images/PressHist.JPG

6 hotly contested among several candidates, depending on how one defines a ‘true’ novel strong contenders: Oroonoko, by Aphra Behn (1688) The first English novel http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/anglica/Chronology/17thC/AphraBehn/aph_or_t.jpg

7 hotly contested among several candidates, depending on how one defines a ‘true’ novel strong contenders: Oroonoko, by Aphra Behn (1688) Robinson Crusoe, by Daniel Defoe (1719) The first English novel http://www.jahsonic.com/RobinsonCrusoe.jpg

8 Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded, by Samuel Richardson (1740) The first ‘best-seller’ http://textline.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/pamela-richardson.jpg

9 Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded, by Samuel Richardson (1740) tapped the emerging (and newly-literate) middle class as its readership The first ‘best-seller’ http://textline.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/pamela-richardson.jpg

10 Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded, by Samuel Richardson (1740) tapped the emerging (and newly-literate) middle class as its readership “epistolary novel”: told in a series of personal letters exchanged among the characters, and later collected by an ‘editor’ The first ‘best-seller’ http://textline.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/pamela-richardson.jpg

11 sentimental novels (1740s to 1790s): designed to evoke intense, humane feelings Sub-genres http://www.1st-art-gallery.com/thumbnail/104104/1/Maria,-From-Lawrence-Sterne$27s-$27a-Sentimental-Journey.jpg

12 sentimental novels (1740s to 1790s): designed to evoke intense, humane feelings gothic novels (1790s): exotic fictions involving mystery and suspense Sub-genres http://www.tate.org.uk/research/tateresearch/tatepapers/04spring/images/ill_gothic/fig4.jpg

13 sentimental novels (1740s to 1790s): designed to evoke intense, humane feelings gothic novels (1790s): exotic fictions involving mystery and suspense historical novels (early 1800s): credible depictions of historical persons +/or events Sub-genres http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/ Walter_Scott_Waverley_illustration.jpg

14 sentimental novels (1740s to 1790s): designed to evoke intense, humane feelings gothic novels (1790s): exotic fictions involving mystery and suspense historical novels (early 1800s): credible depictions of historical persons +/or events sensation novels (1860s): dealt with ‘shocking’ material (immoral, horrifying, unnatural) Sub-genres http://www.victorianweb.org/art/illustration/allingham/12.jpg

15 References The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed. 1985. Print.

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