1. Social Darwinism vs. Social Gospel
The Changing and Opposing views of Americans

2. PAIR-SHARE
During the Industrial Revolution many people had ideas on how to improve society.
Who’s job do you think is it to help the poor and fix the problems in society (ie government, churches, people themselves)?
Explain your answer.

3. Objective
Students will be able to analyze the similarities and differences between the ideologies of Social Darwinism and Social Gospel by completing a graphic organizer and reflective journal.

4. Essential Vocabulary Ideology: An organized collection of ideas.
Social Reform: Changes in society for the better
Natural Selection: Process that living things survive due to their favorable traits

5. Take notes on this graphic organizer;

6. Social Darwinism
Definition:
An application of the theory of natural selection to social, political, and economic issues.
"the strong survive"

7. Social Darwinism Where was it used?
The theory was used from the late 19th century to the mid 1920s to support laissez-faire capitalism and political conservatism.
During the age of New Imperialism, this theory justified the exploitation of "lesser breeds without the law" by "superior races”.
Nazism and Fascism used to justify extreme nationalism

8. Social Darwinism
What did people who believed in this theory want?
To promote laissez-faire capitalism (no government regulations)
To justify extreme nationalism (jingoism)

9. Social Darwinism

10. Social Gospel Definition:
The movement applied Christian ethics to social problems, especially issues of social justice such as excessive wealth, poverty, alcoholism, crime, racial tensions, slums, bad hygiene, child labor, inadequate labor unions, poor schools, and the danger of war.
(ie. YMCA, Salvation Army)

11. Social Gospel
Where was it used?
In the United States prior to and after World War I, the Social Gospel was the religious wing of the progressive movement which had the aim of combating injustice, suffering and poverty in society.

12. Social Gospel What did people who believed in this theory want?
The Presbyterians described its goals in 1910 by proclaiming:
The great ends of the church are the proclamation of the gospel for the salvation of humankind; the shelter, nurture, and spiritual fellowship of the children of God; the maintenance of divine worship; the preservation of truth; the promotion of social righteousness; and the exhibition of the Kingdom of Heaven to the world.

13. Activity: Social Darwin or Social Gospel?
As you listen to the autobiographies, try to figure out if they believe in the ideology of Social Gospel or Social Darwinism. If you are correct, you will receive extra credit points.

14. Social Darwinist William Graham Sumner
professor at Yale University where I teach sociology. I have studied Charles Darwin’s The Origin of Species the reveals the biological ability of animals to survive through adaptation, or otherwise known as survival of the fittest. I believe this theory also applies to human society. Millionaires are a product of natural selection. It takes a special talent, ambition, and character to be a Carnegie or Rockefeller.

15. Social Gospel William Sunday
you can call me “Billy” Sunday. I use to be a baseball player for you fans out there. I quit baseball to follow my new passion. I started preaching throughout Iowa and the rest of the Midwest and eventually went national. I preached temperance, personal salvation, and the middle-class values. I converted thousands into the Christian faith. I started to make a lot if money, but donated much too different religious charities. I would later play a major role in the temperance movement leading to the 18th Amendment, Prohibition.

16. Social Gospel Washington Gladden
oppose racial segregation and support unionization of workers. I believe that the church must be responsible for correcting social injustices in the political and economic order including work conditions and unfair labor practices. I would obviously be a key member in the Progressive Movement, a movement encouraging reform.

17. H.G. Wells
Social Darwin
an English man who has influenced American writers such as the Call of the Wild’s Jack London. I have written many books such as The Invisible Man, The Time Machine, and The Island of Doctor Moreau. In my book, Anticipations, I wrote. “And for the rest, those swarms of black, and brown, and dirty-white, yellow people, who do not come into the new needs of efficiency? Well, the world is a world, not a charitable institution, and I take it they will have to go.”

18. Social Gospel Dwight L. Moody
My father’s early death forced me to find work at the tender age of 15. I am involved with the YMCA. More than 1,000 poor children attend my Sunday school in Chicago. I travel the country filling out stadiums with thousands of people and host conventions with such prominent evangelist as Ira Sankey.

19. Social Darwin Herbert Spencer
English philosopher who has influenced many men around the world, including the United States. I am known as the father of my theory even though I never spoke of the term myself. I am often confused as being uncompassionate towards the poor. Just because I believe in the nature of man, and believe in social evolution, does not mean that I am against the poor or women.
Coined the phrase “survival of the fittest”

20. Social Gospel Jane Addams
am known as an American reformer, social worker and philosopher. My major accomplishment was helping immigrants assimilate in America with settlement houses such as Hull House in Chicago, Ill. We provided social welfare to poor neighborhoods. Although I am not known for my ideology, one had great influence over me.

21. Wrap-Up
Pair-Share
What are the similarities and differences between the ideologies of Social Darwinism and Social Gospel

22. Review Activity Reflective Journal
Today I learned about _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
The first thing we learned was _____________________________________________________________________
Then we learned _____________________________________________________________________
This is important because _____________________________________________________________________
I predict what will happen in history next is _____________________________________________________________________
Some questions I still have are

23. Autobiographies Teacher Instructions:
Step 1: Hand out the autobiographies to selected students.
Step 2: When indicated to do so, the student is to stand and read their assigned autobiography aloud.
Step 3: Randomly select a student to decide if the person is considered to have the ideology of Social Darwinism or Social Gospel. The correct answer will be displayed.

24. Hello, my name is Herbert Spencer
Hello, my name is Herbert Spencer. I am an English philosopher who has influenced many men around the world, including the United States. I am known as the father of my theory even though I never spoke of the term myself. I am often confused as being uncompassionate towards the poor. Just because I believe in the nature of man, and believe in social evolution, does not mean that I am against the poor or women.

25. I am William Graham Sumner
I am William Graham Sumner. I am a professor at Yale University where I teach sociology. I have studied Charles Darwin’s The Origin of Species the reveals the biological ability of animals to survive through adaptation, or otherwise known as survival of the fittest. I believe this theory also applies to human society. Millionaires are a product of natural selection. It takes a special talent, ambition, and character to be a Carnegie or Rockefeller.

26. My name is H.G. Wells. I am an English man who has influenced American writers such as the Call of the Wild’s Jack London. I have written many books such as The Invisible Man, The Time Machine, and The Island of Doctor Moreau. In my book, Anticipations, I wrote. “And for the rest, those swarms of black, and brown, and dirty-white, yellow people, who do not come into the new needs of efficiency? Well, the world is a world, not a charitable institution, and I take it they will have to go.”

27. My name is William Sunday, but you can call me “Billy” Sunday
My name is William Sunday, but you can call me “Billy” Sunday. I use to be a baseball player for you fans out there. I quit baseball to follow my new passion. I started preaching throughout Iowa and the rest of the Midwest and eventually went national. I preached temperance, personal salvation, and the middle-class values. I converted thousands into the Christian faith. I started to make a lot if money, but donated much too different religious charities. I would later play a major role in the temperance movement leading to the 18th Amendment, Prohibition.

28. I am Washington Gladden
I am Washington Gladden. I oppose racial segregation and support unionization of workers. I believe that the church must be responsible for correcting social injustices in the political and economic order including work conditions and unfair labor practices. I would obviously be a key member in the Progressive Movement, a movement encouraging reform.

29. I am Dwight L. Moody. My father’s early death forced me to find work at the tender age of 15. I am involved with the YMCA. More than 1,000 poor children attend my Sunday school in Chicago. I travel the country filling out stadiums with thousands of people and host conventions with such prominent evangelist as Ira Sankey.

30. I am Jane Addams. I am known as an American reformer, social worker and philosopher. My major accomplishment was helping immigrants assimilate in America with settlement houses such as Hull House in Chicago, Ill. We provided social welfare to poor neighborhoods. Although I am not known for my ideology, one had great influence over me.