1. The Green Abstraction Layer A Standard Power-Management Interface for Next-Generation Network Devices By group 8 1

2. Agenda  Introduction  Motivation  GAL  Power management primitives  Process  Architecture  Summary 2

3. Introduction  GAL- Interface between high level algorithms and lower level representing hardware  Energy management in network using physical resources 3

4. Motivation  Increase power consumption and energy costs over time  Increased user traffic and router capacities  Network operates at maximum capacity 4

5. GAL aims  Network control plane to access devices green networking capabilities.  Represent the power-management capabilities available in heterogeneous data plane hardware;  A framework for information exchange between power-managed data plane entities and control processes  A reference control chain enabling a consistent, hierarchical organization of multiple local and network-wide energy-management protocols. 5

6. Management concepts  PMP let operators modulate energy consumption of network devices and subsystems  Invoke PMPs to provide QoS with minimum power  Giving each network device its own independent control algorithm which implement a network control policy(NCP) 6

7. Types of Power Management Primitives(PMPs )  Standby : freeze most functionalities =>low energy states, fast wake-up times  Power scaling : dynamically change the working rate of the component Energy-Aware States (EAS)  Power setting that can be configured through the GAL  Provides trade off between power consumption and n?W performance 7

8. Control Policies  Network control policy (NCP): recent suggestion  Three aspects of reducing consumption: a) by moving traffic flows among alternative network paths, some nodes+subsystems(e.g. OSPF-TE) b) NCPs > LCPs, but has two drawbacks(higher feedback/convergence delays+unwareness of mapping entities)=>overcome them c) capture hardware nuances =>motivate a strategy of jointly adopting LCPs+NCPs to optimize energy consunmption in a hierarchical way 8

9. Purpose  To hide implementation details of energy-saving approaches  To provide standard interfaces for interactions between green hardware and its control framework 9

10. Feature  Hierarchical view of device’s organizations  Components at various levels as a tree 10

11. Function  Provide energy-aware capabilities  Entities can trade off power consumption and performance 11

12. Process  The lowest level  PMPs require specific LCPs to directly manage  GAL’s top level instance used here for interfacing such energy-aware entities 12

13. Process (Contd.)  The intermediate level  New LCPs are needed to orchestrate entities’ settings  Expose a synthetic set and available configurations to higher levels  Terminates at the device level 13

14. Process (Contd.)  The highest level  Highest LCPs orchestrates the device’s high- level configuration  Expose a simplified view to NCPs 14

15. Hierarchical tree  Root nodes: LCPs and control apps  Leaf nodes: hardware elements 15

16. Why leaf nodes reside at different levels  Some energy-aware entities need to be accessible from higher levels  Some manufactures would rather not expose subcomponents’ internal organization and hardware architecture 16

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18. Specific presentations 1. Entity 1’s LCP selects the chassis containing the the physical port bound to the logical link 2. The chassis’s LCP(entity1.2) forwards the command to the corresponding line card (entity 1.2.2), and reduces the fans’ speed 18

19. Specific presentations(contd.) 3. If no other links active, the layer-3 LCP sends the entire line card to sleep 4. Otherwise, the LCP puts the physical interface into standby mode and reduce the performance of all hardware components that process packets for that port 19

20. GSI  Green standard interface  A lightweight interface for managing energy-aware hardware entities  Provide a set of functions and data types for GAL interface 20

21. GSI (contd.)  Discovery : retrieves information about available EASs and other information about an entity  Provisioning : allows control processes to set an EAS to an entity  Monitoring : of the physical device’s relevant parameters  GSI can interface with any network protocol, e.g. SNMP 21

22. Summary  GAL provide a simple standard interface for representing the energy-aware capabilities of network devices to higher-level protocols  Features multilayered abstract model 22

23. Reference  R. Bolla, R. Bruschi, F. Davoli, L. D. Gregorio, P. Donadio, L. Fialho, A. Lombardo, D. Reforgiato, and T. Szemetby, "The Green Abstraction Layer: A Standard Power Management Interface for Next- Generation Network Devices," submitted to the IEEE Internet Computing Magazine, 2012.  D. Reforgiato, A. Lombardo, F. Davoli, L. Fialho, M. Collier, P. Donadio, R. Bolla, R. Bruschi, "Exporting Data-Plane Energy-Aware Capabilities from Network Devices toward the Control Plane: The Green Abstraction Layer “, IEEE, 2012  The ECONET Project: Green Abstraction Layer, http://www.econet- project.eu/Public/Description/3 http://www.econet- project.eu/Public/Description/3 23