1. Data available from the 2011 Census on Migration RSS Social Statistics meeting 25 February 2014 Emma Wright Office for National Statistics, Population Statistics Division Rebecca Gillespie Home Office Science, Migration and Border Analysis

2. ONS / Home Office census analysis work Joint ONS / Home Office published Census short stories:  International Migrants in England and Wales, 2011 (11 December 2012).  Detailed country of birth and nationality analysis from the 2011 Census of England and Wales (16 May 2013).  Economic and social characteristics of the resident population of England and Wales by nationality and country of birth in 2011 (12 July 2013).  Immigration patterns of non-UK born populations in England and Wales in 2011 (17 December 2013) Other ONS migration-related Census short stories:  Non-UK born short-term residents in England and Wales, 2011 (26 March 2013).

3. Outline  Using 2011 Census data to describe and analyse international migration to England and Wales  Using ‘country of birth’ and ‘passports held’  Historic patterns of migration since 1951  Economic and social characteristics of migrants  Short term residents

4. The 2011 Census asked about country of birth… Those born abroad were asked when they arrived: If born outside the UK (in ‘Republic of Ireland’ or ‘Elsewhere’), fill in questions 10 and 11. Data collected on year of last arrival (also published as length of residence and age at arrival) Identifying recent arrivals. Differentiating recent arrivals who are usual residents (i.e. long term migrants) from short term residents.

5. …and passports held The question on passports held is used to determine nationality: Data published so far gives priority to UK, then Ireland, then other, giving one passport per person. Used to determine nationality. Most useful for analysis by different entitlement. Can be requested as total passports. New question in 2011.

6. Nearly half of those born abroad held a UK passport ‘Country of birth’ by ‘passports held’: Total born outside the UK Nearly half of non-UK born held a UK passport at the time of the census. Nearly all (97%) of those holding no passport were born in the UK.

7. Each successive census revealed an increasing share of residents born abroad: Increasing proportion of residents born abroad

8. Non-UK born populations 1951 to 2011 Link to infographic on ONS website

9. Year of arrival for non-UK born residents in 2011 Year of arrival for top ten non-UK countries of birth for usual residents of England and Wales:

10. Distribution of non-UK born residents by local authority

11. Distribution of EU nationals by local authority Percentage of all usual residents with EU (non-UK) passport by local authority: Link to other maps New A8 migrant areas

12. Data available on characteristics of migrants Variety of social and economic data available by passports, country of birth and year of arrival:  Age and gender  Economic activity  Occupation and industry  Qualifications  English (Welsh) language proficiency  Ethnic group  Housing tenure  Health  Religion  National identity  Link to podcast or Link YouTube Link to podcast Link YouTube

13. Foreign nationals younger than UK nationals Age and sex distributions of UK and non-UK passport holders in England and Wales:

14. Economic activity varies by country of birth Of the non-UK born aged 16 and over that arrived in the UK between 2001 and 2011, 60 percent were employed and 21 per cent were students in 2011. Of those arriving 2001-2011: 49 per cent of Nigerian-born were employed and 32 per cent were students 81 per cent of Polish-born were employed and 7 per cent were students

15. Occupations vary by nationality Occupation for top ten non-UK nationalities and UK nationals for usual residents of England and Wales:  20% of non-UK nationals were in professional occupations and 19% in elementary occupations; UK nationals were most concentrated in professional (18%) and associate professional and technical occupations (13%).  21% of non-UK nationals and 17% of UK nationals were employed in the banking, finance and insurance industries; UK nationals were more concentrated in the public administration, education and health sectors (29%), than non-UK nationals (23%).

16. English language proficiency lower for more recent arrivals  88% (3.6 million) of foreign nationals reported that they could speak English well, very well or as their main language  1.7% (70,000) could not speak English at all.  The proportion who reported they could speak no English at all remained fairly constant over the decades of arrival at 1-2 per cent. English language proficiency for non-UK born age 3 and over by year of arrival:

17. Housing tenure varies by country of birth Top ten non-UK countries of birth by housing tenure, 2011 Owner occupied highest among Indian (64%), Pakistani (64%) and Irish-born (63%) Social rented accommodation highest among Jamaican (35%) and Bangladeshi-born (33%) Private rented accommodation highest among Polish-born (71%)

18. Self-reported health varies by country of birth  Bangladeshi-born reported lower levels of good health than other countries of birth and UK born; Nigerian-born residents reported better health than other groups. Differences increased with age.  Foreign nationals reported higher levels of good health overall (90%), compared with UK nationals (83%), largely due to the younger age profile. Levels of good health by age group for the top seven non-UK countries of birth and UK born:

19. Data available on ‘short term residents’ People born outside the UK intending to stay in the UK between 3 and 12 months  There were 195,000 non-UK born short-term residents (STRs) in 2011: 35 STRs per 10,000 usual residents. The ratio for London was 84 STRs per 10,000 usual residents.  Nearly 70% (135,000) of STRs were aged 15 to 29 compared to 20 per cent (11.2 million) of the usual resident population.  India, China and the United States were the three highest ranking countries of birth and passports held for STRs.  50% of the non-UK born short-term resident population lived in London (69,000) and the South East (28,000). These two regions accounted for 30 per cent of the usually resident population.  Over half (55%) of all STRs born abroad aged 16 and over were full-time students.

20. Short term residents: Country of birth and distribution Non-UK born short-term residents per 10,000 usual residents, 2011 Top ten countries of birth for STRs in England and Wales, 2011

21. Find our publications online Publications include links to the relevant data tables released by ONS.  International migrants International migrants  Non-UK Born Short-Term Residents in England and Wales, 2011Non-UK Born Short-Term Residents in England and Wales, 2011  Detailed country of birth and nationality analysis from the 2011 Census of England and Wales Detailed country of birth and nationality analysis from the 2011 Census of England and Wales  Economic and Social Characteristics of the Resident Population of England and Wales by Nationality and Country of Birth in 2011 Economic and Social Characteristics of the Resident Population of England and Wales by Nationality and Country of Birth in 2011  Immigration Patterns of Non-UK Born Populations in England and Wales in 2011Immigration Patterns of Non-UK Born Populations in England and Wales in 2011 Future joint work may explore a range of possible themes. Suggestions welcome!

22. Emma Wright Office for National Statistics, Population Statistics Division Emma.Wright@ons.gsi.gov.uk Rebecca Gillespie Home Office Science, Migration and Border Analysis Rebecca.Gillespie@homeoffice.gsi.gov.uk

23. 1951 Ireland 492 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Ireland 683 Ireland 676 Ireland 580 Ireland 570 Ireland 473 India 694 Poland 152 India 157 India 313 India 383 India 400 India 456 Poland 579 India 111 Germany 121 Jamaica 171 Pakistan 182 Pakistan 225 Pakistan 308 Pakistan 482 Germany 96 Poland 120 Germany 148 Germany 170 Germany 202 Germany 244 Ireland 407 Russia 76 Jamaica 100 Pakistan 136 Jamaica 164 Jamaica 142 Bangladesh 153 Germany 274 1.9m 4.3% 2.3m 5.0% 3.1m 6.4% 3.2m 6.7% 3.6m 7.3% 4.6m 8.9% 7.5m 13.4% Total non-UK born population Per cent of usual resident population USA 59 USA 94 Poland 104 Caribbean 189 USA 131 Bangladesh 212 Jamaica 146 Canada 46 Italy 81 Italy 103 USA 106 Caribbean 120 Nigeria 191 USA 144

24. The top ten countries of birth represent a declining proportion of the total number of residents born abroad: Census shows increasing diversity of foreign born Link to full infographic on ONS website