2. Land Plants fall into two major groups Non vascular Vascular

3. Non-Vascular Plants Lack vascular tissue Very small Known as the bryophytes

4. The Bryophytes Liverworts Hornworts Mosses

5. True mosses Sphagnum (Peat) mosses Granite mosses

6. True Mosses Consists of structures resembling leaves stems and roots

7. True Mosses “Leaves” have no veins “Stems” have no vascular tissue

8. True Mosses Reproduces by spores Produced in a capsule

9. True Mosses – The Sporophyte When operculum is shed peristome teeth are exposed Peristome regulates spore dispersal

10. Mosses True mosses Sphagnum (Peat) mosses Granite mosses

11. Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses Grow in Bogs Bogs may cover huge areas Moss absorbs water Water is acidified by the moss

12. Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses Unique leaf structure allows leaves to absorb large quantities of water Moss absorbs water Water is acidified by the moss

13. Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses Unique leaf structure allows leaves to absorb large quantities of water Moss absorbs water Water is acidified by the moss

14. Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses Thick deposits of partially decomposed moss accumulates Deposits are known at Peat

15. Sphagnum and Peat are Harvested for Agriculture and Fuel

16. Acid pH and capacity for water retention make sphagnum a popular soil amendment

17. Sphagnum (Peat) Mosses Peat has been harvest for centuries and burned for fuel

18. Bodies buried in Sphagnum Bogs are well preserved Acid/anoxic environment retards bacterial growth Short video Mummies Frozen in Time

20. Land Plants fall into two major groups Non vascular Vascular

21. Vascular Plants Vascular tissue Some are seedless Others produce seeds

22. Seedless Vascular Plants Whisk Ferns Club/Spike Mosses Horsetails Ferns

23. Whisk Ferns

24. Dichotomous branching stems

25. Whisk Ferns No roots – underground rhizome only

26. Whisk Ferns No leaves- stem appendages are called enations

27. Whisk Ferns Sporangia attached laterally on stem

29. Seedless Vascular Plants Whisk Ferns Club/Spike Mosses Horsetails Ferns

30. Plants with leaves have either microphylls or megaphylls Microphylls have a single vascular strand Megaphylls have a network of vascular strands

31. Club and Spike Mosses Stems, roots and leaves Leaves are microphylls

32. Club and Spike Mosses Sporangia produced in axils of leaves

33. Club and Spike Mosses Sporangia produced in axils of leaves

35. Seedless Vascular Plants Whisk Ferns Club/Spike Mosses Horsetails Ferns

36. Horsetails and Scouring Rushes

37. Stems jointed Branches whorled around stem

38. Horsetails and Scouring Rushes Stems ribbed Silica in cells of the epidermis

39. Horsetails and Scouring Rushes Leaves small Reduced megaphylls Whorled at nodes Underground rhizome with Roots

40. Horsetails and Scouring Rushes Spores produced in terminal strobilous

42. Seedless Vascular Plants Whisk Ferns Club/Spike Mosses Horsetails Ferns

44. Ferns show great diversity of form

45. Ferns have megaphylls

46. Young fern megaphylls are called fiddleheads

47. Fern stems grow vertically or horizontally

48. Spores are produced on underside of megaphylls

49. Spores are produced in clusters called Sori

50. Sori of many ferns are covered by an indusium

52. Seedless Vascular Plants PLANTROOTSSTEMSLEAVESSPORANGIA Whisk Ferns NoneDichotomous branching NoneLateral Club/Spike Mosses Yes MicrophyllAxil of microphyll Horsetails YesRibbed and Jointed Reduced megaphyll Terminal strobilous Ferns YesVertical or horizontal MegaphyllUnderside of megaphyll