3. Topic:Plants

4. Objectives: 1. Describe the current classification of land plants 2. Outline the life cycle of moss and ferns 3. Contrast gymnosperms and angiosperms/monocots and dicots 4. Discuss the function of several types of plant tissue

5. Text Reference Chapters 22, 23, 24

6. Classification

7. Kingdom Plantae multicellular, eukaryotic, non-motile, contain chlorophyll a + b, cell walls of cellulose, reproduce sexually

8. Phylum Bryophyta Lack vascular tissue Gametophyte dominant. Live in moist areas. Reproduction dependent on water. Moss, liverworts

9. Phylum Tracheophyta Contain xylem and phloem Sporophyte dominant Most common plants.

10. Subphylum Pteropsida Ferns. Reproduction dependent on water.

11. Subphylum Spermopsida Seed plants.

12. (Gymnosperms – naked seeds.) Class Coniferae – seeds in cones. Needle- like leaves.

13. Class Angiospermae Flowering plants. Seeds develop in ovaries.

14. Subclass – Monocotyledonae Embryo with a single cotyledon leaves parallel flower parts in threes Grasses, palm

15. Subclass – Dicotylendonae Embryo with two cotyledons Netted veination Flower parts in 4 or 5

16. Life cycles of moss and ferns

17. Haploid (N) Diploid (2N) MEIOSIS FERTILIZATION Mature sporophyte (2N) Gametophyte (N) Young sporophyte (2N) Zygote (2N) Sperm (N) Egg (N) Spores (N) Capsule (sporangium) Protonema (young gametophyte) (N) Male gametophyte Female gametophyte Antheridia Archegonia Figure 22–11 The Life Cycle of a Moss

18. Haploid gametophyte (N) Diploid sporophyte (2N) MEIOSIS FERTILIZATION Mature sporophyte (2N) Gametophyte (N) Frond Sperm Egg Spores (N) Antheridium Archegonium Developing sporophyte (2N) Sporophyte embryo (2N) Mature gametophyte (N) Young gametophyte (N) Sporangium (2N) Figure 22–17 The Life Cycle of a Fern

19. The Spermopsida A. Overview. Designed for life on land B. Adaptations

20. Roots absorb nutrients and water, hold plant upright,

21. Stems Hold leaves up to sunlight Transport water and nutrients

22. Leaves Perform photosynthesis

23. Vascular tissue Transport materials Xylem- transports water and nutrients toward the leaves. Phloem- transports the products of photosynthesis around the plant

24. Reproduction adapted for life on “dry” land Pollen – contains sperm Seeds- contains embryo Fig. 22-5 p. 470

25. Gymnosperms “Naked” seeds Example Conifers

26. Angiosperms Flowering plants Egg is protected in an ovary. Ripe ovary is a fruit 1. Monocots- Fig 22- 12 p. 475 2. Dicots- Fig 22-12 p. 475

27. A square watermelon.

28. Plant Tissue

29. Meristematic tissue Produces new cells by mitosis. Undifferentiated.

30. Meristematic tissue 1. Apical meristem – at the tip of a growing stem or root 2. Cambium – allows stems and roots to grow thicker Vascular cambium Cork cambium Pericycle

31. Epidermal tissue Provides protection Cork(bark) – keeps water out Epidermis – lets water in

32. Parenchyma Thin walled cells Store things Some contain chloroplasts Some store starch

33. Sclerenchyma Thick walled cells Support the plant

34. Vascular tissue Internal transport

35. Xylem Made of tracheids Long narrow cells with openings at each end Fig 23-6 p. 493

36. Vessel elements Much larger than tracheids Transport water.

37. Phloem Transports plant products Fig. 23-7 p. 493 Sieve tube elements- allow the passage of materials Companion cells - control activity of the sieve tube

38. I know what you are thinking. You are thinking……… Mr. Barnes……………. May we please, please Have a ……………….. Fun Review Activity!!!!!!!!!!

39. Diagram the life cycle of Moss Fern Flowering plant  Label haploid (gametophyte) and diploid (sporophyte) phases

40. Have a great day!