1. Plants!
An introduction

2. Plants All plants are multi-cellular, autotrophic eukaryotes.
Lots of cells.
Produces its own food using chlorophyll.
Has a Nucleus .

3. Plants
Plants are not able to independently move from one place to another.
Plants have dedicated tissues
Groups of cells to perform specific functions.
All plants undergo sexual reproduction

4. Plant reproduction
All plants undergo sexual reproduction involving fertilization producing a zygote
Fertilized egg.(seeds)
All plants have life cycles which alternates between a gametophyte and a sporophyte.
Gametes - sex cells

5. Plant reproduction The sporophyte produces spores by meiosis.
In flowering plants, the sporophyte comprises the whole body except the pollen and seeds.

6. Plant reproduction
A gametophyte is the structure, or phase, that contains a single set of chromosomes.
In flowering plants there are the female gametophyte (ovule) and the male gametophyte (pollen) structures.

7. Plant reproduction

8. Plant reproduction
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9. Plant reproduction

10. Plants
The plant kingdom is one of the largest groups of living things with more than half a million different species.
Examples include: multi-cellular algae, moss, ferns, flowering plants, and trees.

11. Plant Classifications
There are only 4 distinct types of plants.
Non-vascular seedless plants
Vascular seedless
Vascular non-flowering (like pine cones)
Vascular flowering

12. Plant Classifications
Non-Vascular Seedless
Plants that do not use a system of vessels to transport water and nutrients between different parts of the plant.
Non-vascular plants are the simplest of all land dwelling plants.
All are low-growing.
First plants on land.

13. Plant Classifications
Non-Vascular Seedless
Mosses

14. Moss Structure
Diagram modified from:

15. Plant Classifications
Non-Vascular Seedless
Liverworts

16. Plant Classifications
Non-Vascular Seedless
Hornworts

17. Plant Classifications
Seedless, Vascular
The plants in this group have a true vascular transport system for the movement of water and nutrients
They are "seedless" because they reproduce by means of spores.
Spore
a reproductive structure that is adapted for dispersal.

18. Plant Classifications
Seedless, Vascular
Ferns

19. Structure of a Fern

20. Plant Classifications
Seedless, Vascular
Horsetails

21. Plant Classifications
Seedless, Vascular
Whisk Ferns

22. Plant Classifications
Seeds, Vascular
Include conifers and flowering plants,
Plants have vascular transport system and produce seeds.

23. Plant Classifications
Seeds, Vascular flowering
Angiosperms

24. Angiosperm Life Cycle
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25. Angiosperm Life Cycle Parts of a seed.

26. Plant Classifications
Seeds, Vascular Non-flowering
Gymnosperms

27. Gymnosperm Life Cycle
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28. Gymnosperm Life Cycle
Parts of a cone.

29. Parts of a Plant LEAF Absorbs sunlight for plant to convert to energy.
Stores chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis.
Contain Stoma
a pore, found in the leaf and stem of plants that is used for gas exchange
Can be wide and flat (as in a maple leaf) or long and thin (as in a cactus spine)
Covered with a water proof layer called the cuticle

30. Parts of a Plant
LEAF

31. Parts of a Plant LEAF http://www.molecularexpressions.com/cells/
leaftissue/images/leafstructurelargefigure1.jpg

32. Parts of a Plant STEM supports leaves and flowers.
carries water, minerals, and food up and down between the plant’s leaves and roots.
can be small and thin (as in a flower) or tall and thick (as in a tree).
helps plant grow in a direction toward energy sources.
has light-sensitive tips to ensure growth toward light.

33. Parts of a Plant
STEM

34. Parts of a Plant ROOT Grows down into the soil or water.
Anchors plant to the earth.
Absorbs water and minerals needed for growth.
Includes varieties, based on structure:
Taproots: single large root with a few smaller, branching roots.
Fibrous roots: many small roots branching off in different directions.

35. Parts of a Plant Taproot

36. Parts of a Plant Fibrous roots

37. Parts of a Plant Vascular System Xylem Phloem
Used for water and mineral transport
Phloem
Used for sugar/food transport

38. Parts of a Plant Vascular System

39. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants take energy from the sun and combine carbon dioxide and water to produce food.
Water + Carbon Dioxide + Light ---> Sugar + Oxygen
6H2O + 6CO2 + Light ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2

40. Photosynthesis
Utilizes Carbon dioxide from the air enters the leaves through their stomata.
Water from the soil is absorbed through the roots.
Sunlight energy is absorbed through chlorophyll, found in the leaves of most plants.
The chlorophyll uses the sun’s energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide to form glucose and oxygen is released through the stomata.