1. World Geography Chapter 1
How Geographers Look at the World

2. Section 1
Themes of Geography

3. Five Themes of Geography
Greek word geographia
A “description of the earth”
Location
Where is it?
Absolute Location
Its precise position on the globe
They use imaginary lines to determine absolute location
Latitude and Longitude
Creates hemisphere
two halves

4. Location (Con’t) Latitude Longitude
Circle earth parallel to the equator measuring North and South
Equator 0º latitude
Poles are 90º (North) and 90º (south) Latitude
Longitude
Lines from pole to pole measuring east or west from Prime Meridian
Prime Meridian is over Greenwich, England

5. Location (Con’t) Absolute location Relative Location
Gives the exact location
Dallas, Texas
36ºN, 144ºW
Relative Location
Mostly used by standard people
Where it is in relationship to a person, place or thing
Ex.
Ash Grove is NW of Springfield
Campbell 16 is across from McDonald’s off of Campbell Ave.

6. Place What is it like there?
Type of land, water, weather, soil, plant and animal life
Also human activities and culture

7. Human/Environment Interaction
What is the relationship between people and their environment?
Why do people visit Hawaii instead of Alaska?
How do humans adapt?
How have they damaged the environment?

8. Movement Region How are people and places connected?
Interested in the movement of goods, information and ideas
Region
Description of areas based on different characteristics
Midwest called the Bread Basket
Gulf Coast

9. Geography and Other Subjects
Science and technology
Scientific method
GIS
GPS
Google Earth
History and political science
Historical designs
Past leaders
Political boundaries

10. Geography and Other Subjects (Con’t)
Sociology and Anthropology
Study of society and culture
Economics
How the location of resources affects the way people make, transport and use goods

11. Map Essentials Key Scale Compass Rose Latitude Longitude
Explains the symbols on a map
Unlocks the meanings of the map
Scale
Used to determine size of map
Hawaii map vs. Missouri map
Compass Rose
Used to determine direction
Latitude
Longitude

12. Map Types General purpose maps Physical Map Political
Physical features of Earth’s surface
Political
Countries, states, cities, capitals, etc.
Special Purpose Maps
Ex.
Natural Resources… Road Maps

13. Comparing Maps and Globes
Taking something round and making it flat
Ex.
Tennis Ball
Orange
Great Circle
Shortest distance between two spots on earth

14. Map Projection Mercator Projection Conic Projection
Fairly accurate however not with size or distance
Specifically at the poles
Conic Projection
Fairly accurate overall
Goode’s Interrupted Equal Area Projection
Show’s true size and shape
However distances are inaccurate

15. Map Projections (Con’t)
Robinson’s Projection
Overall fairly accurate
However poles distorted
Gall-Peter’s Projection
Size accurate
Shapes and distances are inaccurate