1. The Market Revolution 1800-1840

2. A New Economy
Created by innovations in transportation and communication
Roads were primitive
Transporting of goods was difficult if you didn’t live near water or a major city-Ex. New York, Boston, Philadelphia

3. The American System
The end of the War of 1812 started a movement of national pride known as the “Era of Good Feelings”
War also showed the improvement the US needed to make in the area of roads and transportation
Senators Henry Clay (Kentucky) and John C. Calhoun (South Carolina) knew both industry and transportation needed help from the national government

4. American system also supported by President James Monroe
Goal was to become economically independent of Britain
American system had three parts:
A new national bank. The charter for the First B.U.S. expired in 1811
A protective tariff on imports to help American industry
Federal funding of “internal improvements”

5. New B.U.S. starts in 1816 with a 20 year charter
New tariff in 1816

6. New Technologies Steamboats Canals Railroad Telegraph-Samuel B. Morse
Roads-Toll Roads-”Turnpikes”

7. Cumberland Road ( )

8. Erie Canal “Clinton’s Big Ditch”
363 miles
Completed in 1825
Links East Coast to the Great Lakes and trade in the Northwest
Funded entirely by New York State
$7 million

12. Railroads and The Telegraph
Railroads opened territories to settlement and coal mining
Building of the Baltimore and Ohio (B and O) railroad began in 1828
By 1860, there was 30,000 miles of railroad
Telegraph developed by Samuel F.B. Morse during the 1830’s
Morse code

14. The Rise of the West
Between 1790 and 1840, 4.5 million people crossed the Appalachian Mountains
By 1840, the total population of people living west of the AM was 7 million people
6 new states came into the Union
In 1819, Spain ceded Florida to the US
Adams-Onis Treaty
First Seminole War
Trouble for Andrew Jackson?

16. Cotton After 1824, rise of sectionalism
North-Industrial, West-land, railroads, mining, South-Cotton and Tobacco
The South’s climate made it good for cotton growing
Tobacco exhausted the soil
Invention of the Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney

17. Cotton and Slavery
Around 1 million slaves came to the Deep South (Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama) between 1800 and 1860
Massive slave market develops within the US after 1808
million pounds of cotton
million

18. Immigration
430,000
1,283,000
1,748,000
850,000

19. Two main groups were Irish and Germans
Irish-Potato Famine
Germans-Land, Religious Freedom
Revolutions-1830’s and 1840’s in Europe

20. Rise of Nativism
Those who opposed Irish immigration were known as nativists
Term nativists comes from native born Americans
Nativists opposed the Irish because of their religion
Also blamed them for problems in society- crime, political corruption, drinking alcohol, taking away jobs from native born Americans

21. The Second Great Awakening
Starts at the beginning of the 19th Century
Most popular in the 1820’s and 1830’s
Many reform movements in our country
Reverend Charles Grandison Finney
Month long meetings in upstate New York and New York City
Warned of hell for those who lead a sinful life
New technologies allowed message to spread quickly
SGA led to an explosion of new Christian dominations
Ex. Mormons under Joseph Smith in upstate New York

22. Cult of Domesticity
Work opportunities for married women were closed to them during the Market Revolution
COD was a new definition of femininity
Woman’s “place” was in the home
Roles included love, friendship, mutual obligation, sheltering men from the competitive marketplace

23. “Woman, a Source of Comfort”
“Woman, a Being to Come Home to”
“Woman, Man’s Best Friend”