2. Movement of Materials

3. The Cell Membrane

4. Plasma Membrane (aka Cell Membrane) Phosopholipid Bilayer Called the Fluid Mosaic Model Selectively Permeable

6. If a membrane is selectively permeable only certain things can pass through

7. The Cell Membrane is Selective: Things that passively cross: –Non-Polar Molecules (Alcohols, Steriods) –Small Molecules (Water) Things that actively cross: –Polar Molecules (Ions) –Large Molecules

8. Active (requires NRG) Passive (no NRG) Types of Transport

9. Osmosis Passive Passive Transport Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion

10. Passive Transport Movement of materials that DOES NOT require energy (ATP)

11. What is happening here???

12. DIFFUSION The passive movement of material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

13. Concentration The number of a substance in a specific area

14. High Concentration Low Concentration

15. Passive Transport High Concentration Low Concentration

17. Factors Affecting Diffusion Concentration—diffusion always goes from high concentration to low concetration Temperature—the higher the temperature, the faster diffusion occurs Molecular Size—the bigger the molecule, the longer diffusion takes

18. OSMOSIS The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

20. Osmosis—another look…

21. Osmotic Pressure The force (pressure) produced by water moving into a cell

22. Isotonic Solution No net movement of water in or out of the cell

23. Hypotonic Solution Water moves from the solution into the cell causing it to swell or break (lysis)

24. Hypertonic Solution The water moves out of the cell into the solution, causing the cell to shrink

25. Types of Solutions

26. Why doesn’t the plant cell undergo lysis?

27. WHITEBOARDING In your groups draw what the cells would look like in each case. Effect of Osmosis on Cells Animal Cell SolutionBeforeAfter Isotonic Hypotonic Hypertonic

28. Explain what is happening in this cartoon…

29. Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion that is helped by proteins in the membrane

30. Facillitated Diffusion

31. Diffusion vs. Facillitated Diffusion

32. Membrane Movements Active Active Transport Pumps Endocytosis Exyocytosis

33. Active Transport Movement of materials from low concentration to high concentration using a protein carrier that requires energy (costs ATP)

34. Active Transport High Concentration Low Concentration

35. What was ATP again???

36. Sodium-Potassium Pump

37. Active Transport

38. Endocytosis Process of bringing particles into a cell using extensions of the cellular membrane

39. Exocytosis Process of moving particles out of a cell using extensions of the cellular membrane (how wastes are excreted from cells)

40. Endocytosis y Exocytosis

41. Phagocytosis The process of membrane folding that enables cells to bring “food” into the cell

42. Pinocytosis The process of membrane folding that enables cells to bring “water” into the cell