1. Duhn, Duhn, Duuhn!

6. This is a STEM Problem! How do we stop the Monster Lobe? Build a wall? Build a tunnel? Refreeze it? Deflect it? Bury it in concrete? Move the Road? Raise the pipeline? Minimize Climate Change?

7. Your Resources Your teacher colleagues and their students AK Problem-Solving Bibliography UAS faculty Maps of Alaska Scientific papers and the scientists who authored them DOT scientists and regional managers The Monster Lobe Wiki The rest of this PPT

10. Location, Dimensions, Rate Frozen debri lobe less than 70 meters from Dalton Highway and 300 m from Pipeline (buried in this section) 67◦48.669′N/149◦49.185′W Chandalar D-6, AK (1975) 1 888 627 3325 USGS 65 km north of Coldfoot, 170 km south of Deadhorse 100 m wide, 20 m tall, 1000 m long moving 1 cm per day

23. Solifluction Definition: Mass movement of soil and regolith affected by alternate freezing and thawing. Characteristic of saturated soils in high latitudes, both within and beyond the permafrost zone. A solifluction lobe in Alaska. Solifluction is the slow downslope movement of waterlogged soil. A solifluction lobe is an isolated, tongue-shaped feature, formed by more rapid solifluction on certain sections of a slope showing variations in gradient. It commonly has a steep front and a relatively smooth upper surface.

24. A variety of earthflow called solifluction is the flow of watersaturated earth material over an impermeable surface such as permafrost. It occurs frequently in bitterly cold regions such as in Alaska or Canada. Springtime temperatures thaw only the first few feet of the frozen ground (the active layer), which becomes saturated quickly and slowly flows over the ever-frozen permafrost below. Solifluction can occur on even the gentlest of slopes. Not forceful enough to break apart the surface vegetation, the migrating material drags it along like a wrinkled green rug. The soil finally settles on level ground at the base.

25. Key Terms Climate change, Alaska, mystery lobe, solifluction, haul road, Alaska pipeline: Sliding friction, permafrost, permeable and impermeable, porosity, viscosity, density, buoyancy, saturated and unsaturated, moisture, mixture Freeze thaw cycle, soil profile, cross section, core sample, slope gradient, topography Distance, rate, time, temperature Two and three-D modeling, Glog poster

29. Simulations Distance Time Graphs http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource. dspDetail&ResourceID=260&ClassID=2136130 Distance Time Velocity Time graphs http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource. dspDetail&ResourceID=626&ClassID=2136130 http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource. dspDetail&ResourceID=626&ClassID=2136130 Porosity Simulator http://www.planetseed.com/node/93972http://www.planetseed.com/node/93972 Viscosity Simulator http://www.planetseed.com/node/19125http://www.planetseed.com/node/19125 Phet simulation of permeable, impermeable and semi-permeable membranes: http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/membrane-channels Bridge design website: http://bridgecontest.usma.edu/index.htm http://bridgecontest.usma.edu/index.htm

30. Vocabulary Friction, permafrost, permeable and impermeable, porosity, viscosity, density, buoyancy, saturated and unsaturated, moisture, Freeze thaw cycle, soil profile, cross section, core sample, slope gradient Distance, rate, time, temperature

31. Middle Schoolers Solving Monster Lobe Using Minecraft http://youtu.be/XcYBOy40l08

32. You Want to Join Us? cmcmillan@uas.alaska.edu

33. Constraints

34. Time Money Materials Environmental Concerns