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Chapter 3 Protists and Fungi
Section 1 Protists
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Section 1 – Protists Objectives
After this lesson, you should be able to: Describe the characteristics of animal like, funguslike, and plantlike protists
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Section 1 Protists Vocab
1. protozoan An animal-like protist.
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2. pseudopod A “false foot” or temporary bulge of the cell membrane used for feeding and movement in some protozoans.
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3. contractile vacuole The cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then expels it from the cell.
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4. cilia The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner.
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5. symbiosis A close relationship between two organisms in which at least one of the organisms benefits.
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6. mutualism A type of symbiosis in which both partners benefit from living together.
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spore A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism.
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8. alga A plantlike protist.
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9. pigment A chemical that produces color.
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Notes 1. Three Groups of Protists: A B Protozoans with Pseudopods C
Protozoans with Cilia Protozoans with Flagella
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2. _________________________ move and feed by forming
Sarcodines (a group of protozoans) 2. _________________________ move and feed by forming ________________. pseudopods
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3. A __________________________ is an animal like protist that uses
____________________ to move. Ciliates cilia
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4. ______________________ are parasites that feed on cells and
_________________ of their hosts. Sporozoans Body fluids
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5. Like fungi, funguslike protists are _______________________, have _____________, and use ____________________ to ____________________. Unlike fungus they are able to _____________________. heterotrophs Cell walls spores reproduce move
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6. Three types of Funguslike protists:
A. B. C. Water Molds Downy Mildews Slime Molds
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7. _________________________ is a
seaweed 7. _________________________ is a common plant like protist found at the beach.
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8. The one characteristic that all algae share is that they are all
_____________________________. autotrophs
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9. Three uses of diatoms: A. B. Polishing agents C.
C. Polishing agents once added to toothpaste In swimming pool filters
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10. ______________________, which is extracted from _______ algae is used in products such as ________________________. Carrageenan red Ice creams and hair conditioners
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11. Brown algae is used in products such as _____________ and
__________________. puddings Salad dressings
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Chapter 3 Protists and Fungi
Section 2: Algal Blooms
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Section 2 – Algal Blooms Objectives
After this lesson, you should be able to: Describe how red tides occur and explain why they are dangerous Explain how the rapid growth of algae affects ponds in a lake.
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Section 2 Algal Blooms Vocab
1. algal bloom The rapid growth of a population of algae.
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2. red tide An algal bloom that occurs in salt water.
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3. eutrophication The buildup over time of nutrients in freshwater lakes and ponds that leads to an increase in the growth of algae.
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Notes 1. ____________________ and __________________ are two types of
algae that bloom in red tides. Dinoflagellates diatoms
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2. Explain why red tides are dangerous.
The toxins that the algae produces may lead to serious illness or death to the organisms that consume the algae.
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3. Two natural and human activities that increase the rate of eutrophication are:
B. Fertilizers spread on fields that can make their way to nearby lakes and ponds Poorly designed or aging septic tanks can leak their contents in the soil
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Chapter 3 Protists and Fungi
Section 3 Fungi
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Section 3 – Fungi Objectives
After this lesson, you should be able to: Name the characteristics that all fungi share Describe how fungi obtain food List the roles fungi play in the living world Describe the ways that fungi reproduce
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Section 3 Fungi Vocab 1. hypha One of many branching, threadlike tubes that make up the body of a fungus.
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2. fruiting body The reproductive hypha of a fungus.
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3. budding A form of asexual reproduction of yeast in which a new yeast cell grows out of the body of a parent.
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4. lichen The combination of a fungus and either an alga or an autotrophic bacterium that live together in a mutualistic relationship.
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Notes 1. Three characteristics of fungi A. They are eukaryotes B. C.
Use spores to reproduce They are heterotrophs
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2. Explain how fungi obtain their food:
* First, the fungus grows hyphae into a food source. * Then digestive chemicals ooze from the tips of the hyphae into the food. *The digestive chemicals break down the food into small substances that can be absorbed by the hyphae
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3. The four groups of fungi: *
Threadlike Fungi Sac Fungi Club Fungi Imperfect Fungi
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4. Three ways fungi help us:
B. C. Environmental recycling - decomposers Food . Example – yeast cells use the sugar in the dough for food and produce carbon dioxide Fights some diseases . Example: fungus Penicillin produces a substance that kills the bacteria growing near it.
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