2. There are several hypotheses about the natural origin of life on Earth, each with supporting scientific evidence

3.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMoA65D j-zk&feature=fvwrel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMoA65D j-zk&feature=fvwrel  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMoA65D j-zk&feature=fvwrel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMoA65D j-zk&feature=fvwrel

4.  Organic compounds on early Earth  Extraterrestrial sources  Abiotic synthesis of polymers  Protobionts  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTCoKlB0s 4Y http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTCoKlB0s 4Y  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cosMs5Et ktY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cosMs5Et ktY  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXhdu6HJ pDg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXhdu6HJ pDg

5.  Biotic  Abiotic  Polymers  Monomers  Protobionts

6. ◦ Stromatolites  Endosymbiosis - next three slides  Genetic chimera

7. Fig. 29.2 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Plasma membrane Infolding of the plasma membrane Nucleus Plasma membrane Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Nuclear envelope Eukaryotic cell Prokaryotic ancestor of eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cell DNA

8. Fig. 29.3 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Eukaryotic cell with mitochondrion Chloroplast Endosymbiosis Photosynthetic bacterium Mitochondrion Internal membrane system Eukaryotic cell with chloroplast and mitochondrion Aerobic bacterium Ancestral eukaryotic cell

9. Fig. 29.4 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Eukaryotic cell Nucleus Red algal nucleus lost Cyanobacteria Red alga Eukaryotic cell Brown alga Nucleus Secondary Endosymbiosis Primary Endosymbiosis Chloroplast with two membranes Organelle with four membranes

10.  CONJUGATION

11.  Oldest fossils of multicellular eukaryotes 1.2 – 1.5 billion years  1 st eukaryotes were colonized special cells  Cambrian Explosion  Colonization of land by fungi, plants, & animals  Drifting continents separated organisms, furthered evolution

12. Benchmark a, 5 parts See Unit Organization Handout  Essential knowledge 1.D.1