1. Lab 8 Chlorophyta, Lichens, Symbiosis

2. Green Plants Common name: Green plants Synonyms: Viridiplantae Mode of nutrition: Autotrophic; green chloroplasts (some parasitic members) Habitat: Freshwater, marine, terrestrial Growth habit: Unicellular, filamentous, various multicellular Cell wall: Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins Undulipodia (“flagella”): Whiplash (2 to 1000+) or none

3. Green Plants Food storage: Starch Clonal reproduction: zoospores, aplanospores, multicellular propagules, vegetative Sexual reproduction: Unicellular, haploid dominant, diploid dominant, alternation of generations Included Phyla: Chlorophyta, Hepatophyta, Anthocerophyta, Bryophyta, Lycophyta, Psilotophyta, Sphenophyta, Pterophyta, Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta, Gnetophyta, Anthophyta

4. Chlorophyta General features of the green plants Common name: Green algae Synonyms: None Habitat: Freshwater, marine, terrestrial Growth habit: Unicellular, colonial, filamentous, flat sheet, plectenchyma, parenchyma Undulipodia (“flagella”): two or more whiplash, or none Clonal reproduction: Mitosis of unicells, zoospores, rarely aplanospores

5. Chlorophyta Sexual reproduction: Haploid dominant, diploid dominant, alternation of generations, unicellular; isogamous, anisogamous, oogamous Representative genera: Chara, Chlamydomonas, Cladophora, Closterium, Gonium, Hydrodictyon, Monostroma, Oedogonium, Pediastrum, Scenedesmus, Spirogyra, Ulva, Volvox Recognized by: Green plants that are not “land plants” (embryophytes)

6.  Pediastrum Chlorophyta

7.  Scenedesmus Chlorophyta

8.  Scenedesmus Chlorophyta

9.  Volvox Chlorophyta

10.  Volvox Chlorophyta

11.  Spirogyra Chlorophyta

12.  Spirogyra Chlorophyta

13.  Oedogonium Chlorophyta

14.  Cladophora Chlorophyta

15.  Cladophora Chlorophyta

16.  Codium Chlorophyta

17.  Ulva Chlorophyta

18.  Monostroma or Ulva Chlorophyta

19.  Chara Chlorophyta

20. Lichens Fungus and alga Ascomycota and Chlorophyta most common (all examples in lab) Autotrophic Clonal reproduction by soredia or isidia Sexual reproduction by ascospores, followed by parasitism of free-living algae

21.  crustose, foliose, and fruticose Lichens

22.  crustose, from Cal Poly Pomona Lichens

23.  Umbilicaria Lichens

24.  Physcia Lichens

25.  Azolla with Anabaena Mutualism

26.  Azolla with Anabaena Mutualism

27.  Cycad coralloid roots Mutualism

28.  Cycad coralloid roots Mutualism