1. JTS SafGen UV-OX Chlorine Dioxide Generator

2. Background Chlorine dioxide has been used for over 100 years. It is more selective than chlorine or bromines and remains effective at low concentrations. Chlorine dioxide is a wide spectrum biocide, effective over a broad pH range, and is a superior product for the control of Legionella. Chlorine dioxide has been used for over 100 years. It is more selective than chlorine or bromines and remains effective at low concentrations. Chlorine dioxide is a wide spectrum biocide, effective over a broad pH range, and is a superior product for the control of Legionella. Chlorine dioxide penetrates the bacterial cell wall and reacts with amino acids to kill the organism. Chlorine dioxide penetrates the bacterial cell wall and reacts with amino acids to kill the organism.

3. Chlorine Dioxide vs. Chlorine Many treatment programs operate with pH in the range of 8.0-8.5. At pH 6.0, chlorine hydrolyzes to hypochlorous acid (HOCI), which is its effec- tive form. At a pH of 8.5, only 8% goes to HOCI, thus requiring a much higher dosage to control algae and slime. Chlorine dioxide retains efficacy over a wide pH range and provides superior biocide control at a fraction of the chlorine dosage. The smaller dosage makes chlorine dioxide more cost effective. Chlorine dioxide excels in ammoniated systems and where process leaks create high demands for chlorine. Chlorine dioxide does not react with ammonia and is more selective in its reactivity, thus minimizing the dosage and the possible formation of chlorinated organics in the blowdown.

4. Chlorine Dioxide – Physical Properties Chemical Formula = ClO 2 Chemical Formula = ClO 2 Does not react w/ water Does not react w/ water A true dissolved gas in solution A true dissolved gas in solution 2.5 times the oxidizing capacity of Chlorine 2.5 times the oxidizing capacity of Chlorine A strong oxidizer A strong oxidizer A potent microbiocide A potent microbiocide Must be generated at point of use Must be generated at point of use

5. Chlorine Dioxide Benefits Selective disinfecting oxidant Rapid kill rate at low ppm Broad-range bacteria, fungi & virus destruction Penetrates & sluffs biofilm, killing resident organisms Does not form trihalomethanes (THM’s) Does not react with ammonia or chlorinated organics Does not form hypochlorous acid or free chlorine Is less corrosive than chlorine Oxidizes manganese, iron, phenols, sulfides, cyanides Able to oxidize odor-causing substances Remains effective across broad pH range

6. Why Isn’t Chlorine Dioxide More Widely Used? Federal law prohibits the transportation of chlorine dioxide gas, therefore it must be produced at the point of use. Large-scale water treatment systems use complex and expensive acid-based chlorine dioxide generators. Typically, these methods require multiple hazardous precursors. Chlorine dioxide historically has been considered a viable option when the amount of water requiring treatment warranted the expense, danger, complexity and maintenance concerns of a large-scale generator.

7. Chlorine Dioxide – Other Methods 2 ClO 2 + 2NaCl 2NaClO 2 + Cl 2 Sodium Chlorite plus Chlorine 2NaClO 2 + NaOCl + 2HCl 2ClO 2 + 3NaCl + H 2 O 5NaClO 2 + 4HCl 4ClO 2 + 5NaCl +2H 2 O Bleach plus Hydrochloric Acid

8. In Summary… Has to be generated on-site 2-3 chemical precursors required Complicated, expensive feed equipment Dangerous to produce Current systems are highly corrosive Labor-intensive and high-maintenance costs Requires qualified manpower - 24/7 monitoring No effective systems for under 2 lbs./day

9. Finally…. Finally…. The SafGen Chlorine Dioxide Generator overcomes the barriers of: Hazard Expense Maintenance Complexity Size

10. SafGen Chlorine Dioxide Generator The SafGen UV-OX generator safely produces a direct feed, dilute aqueous chlorine dioxide solution using ultraviolet energy in reaction w/ sodium chlorite.

11. JTS SafGen UV-OX C hlorine Dioxide- Our Way NaClO 2 ClO 2 + Na + UV Light

12. SafGen Features JTS SafGen Features Single Chemical Precursor Safe generation using UV light Adjustable Dosage Settings Feed Range – up to 2 lbs./day “No Flow – No Feed” Design

13. RXCARTRIDGERXCARTRIDGE Ballast NaClO2 Drum Pump Timer ELE Ctrl Ballast Outlet Shutoff Valve Inlet Filter Rotameter Solenoid Valve

14. JTS SafGen – Benefits Easily integrated into your current treatment program Effective elimination of biofilm Safe concentrations of chlorine dioxide Can function as-needed, according to demand Single chemical precursor No acid, no bleach, no chlorine gas Less corrosive than other generation systems Generation process does not affect pH levels Small footprint, self-contained weather resistant cabinet Straight-forward installation Easily maintained by building engineer or service provider

15. Riverway Cooling Tower

16. Villa D’Este Cooling Tower

17. Villa D’Este Before Chlorine Dioxide

18. Villa D’Este Chlorine Dioxide Before After

20. Biocidal Control Benefits Uncontrolled growth of microorganisms can lead to: higher water and energy costs shortened equipment life increased health risks Biofilm can: impede heat transfer and water flow serve as site for scale formation promote under-deposit corrosion prevent function of scale and corrosion inhibitors sequester infectious bacteria such as Legionella

21. SafGen Operation Conditions for more than 1.0 lbs/day chlorine dioxide The water flow rate should be set to 60 gph The proportional pump is preset at the factory to feed +/- 435 ppm sodium chlorite (1,740 ppm of Sodium chlorite solution) The reactor will produce 1.6 lbs/day of chlorine dioxide

22. SafGen Operation Conditions for less than 1.0 lbs/day chlorine dioxide Reset the proportional pump to feed +/- 270 ppm sodium chlorite (1,080 ppm of Sodium chlorite solution) The water flow rate should be set to 70 gph The reactor will produce 1.2 lbs/day of chlorine dioxide

25. JTS SafGen UV-OX JTS SafGen UV-OX Applications Commercial Cooling Towers Legionella Contaminated Systems Decorative/Ornamental Fountains Odor control – hydrogen sulfide, organo-sulfur Destruction of phenols and mercaptans Color removal and bleaching Surface disinfection

26. Phone: 713-621-6740 Fax: 713-621-2454 e-mail: 104636.1204@compuserve.com 104636.1204@compuserve.com SafGen UV-OX JTS SafGen UV-OX Patent Pending and © JTS Enterprises, Inc. 2004 Patent Protection The process and apparatus described in this presentation is protected by US and foreign patent applications. The owners of the disclosed technology will use all means, including injunctions and the levying of damages, to prevent any unauthorized use of the disclosed technology JTS Enterprises, Inc. 4600 Post Oak Place Suite 153 Houston, Texas 77027 Order Information