1. Indicating the pH of Household items By Joshua Minikon Mrs. La Salle Period 3

2. Purpose The purpose of the lab is to measure the pH value of various household materials by using a natural indicator to make an indicator chart. The purpose of the lab is to measure the pH value of various household materials by using a natural indicator to make an indicator chart.

3. Materials Knife Knife Red cabbage leaves Red cabbage leaves 1-cup measure 1-cup measure Hot water Hot water 2 jars 2 jars Clean white cloth Clean white cloth Teaspoon Teaspoon Tape Tape 3 sheets of plain white paper 3 sheets of plain white paper Pencil Pencil Ruler Ruler 10 clear plastic cups 10 clear plastic cups White vinegar White vinegar Baking soda Baking soda Household ammonia Household ammonia Dropper Dropper Various household items Various household items

4. Procedure 1. Put ½ cup of finely chopped red cabbage leaves in a jar and add ½ cup of hot water. Stir and crush the leaves with a spoon. Continue the extraction until the water is distinctly colored. 1. Put ½ cup of finely chopped red cabbage leaves in a jar and add ½ cup of hot water. Stir and crush the leaves with a spoon. Continue the extraction until the water is distinctly colored. 2. Strain the extract through a piece of cloth into a clean jar. This liquid is your natural indicator. 2. Strain the extract through a piece of cloth into a clean jar. This liquid is your natural indicator.

6. 3. Tape three sheets of paper end to end. Draw a line along the center and label it at 5-cm intervals with the numbers 1 to 14. This is your pH scale. 3. Tape three sheets of paper end to end. Draw a line along the center and label it at 5-cm intervals with the numbers 1 to 14. This is your pH scale. 4. Pour your indicator to about 1-cm depth into each of three plastic cups. To one cup, add several drops of vinegar, to the second add a pinch of baking soda, and to the third add several drops of ammonia. The resulting colors indicate pH values of about 3,9, and 11, respectively. Place the colored positions on you pH scale. 4. Pour your indicator to about 1-cm depth into each of three plastic cups. To one cup, add several drops of vinegar, to the second add a pinch of baking soda, and to the third add several drops of ammonia. The resulting colors indicate pH values of about 3,9, and 11, respectively. Place the colored positions on you pH scale.

9. 5. Repeat step 4 for household items such as table salt, toothpaste, milk, shampoo, laundry detergent, dish detergent, pepsi, etc. 5. Repeat step 4 for household items such as table salt, toothpaste, milk, shampoo, laundry detergent, dish detergent, pepsi, etc.

11. Results Pepsi = 1 Pepsi = 1 Vinegar = 3 Vinegar = 3 Dish Detergent = 4 Dish Detergent = 4 Milk = 5 Milk = 5 Water = 7 Water = 7 Table Salt = 8 Table Salt = 8 Baking Soda = 9 Baking Soda = 9 Laundry Detergent = 10 Laundry Detergent = 10 Ammonia = 11 Ammonia = 11 Toothpaste = 12 Toothpaste = 12 Bleach = 14 Bleach = 14

12. Analyze and Conclude 1. What was the color of the indicator at acidic, neutral, and basic conditions? 1. What was the color of the indicator at acidic, neutral, and basic conditions? - The acidic indicator was red because vinegar is an acid. The neutral indicator was blue because the water is neutral and was originally used to make the indicator which was blue. And the basic indicator was green or white (Bleach).

13. 2. What chemical changes were responsible for the color changes? 2. What chemical changes were responsible for the color changes? - The chemical changes that were responsible for the color changes were the changes to acid or to base with indicator.

14. 3. Label the materials you tested as acidic, basic, or neutral. 3. Label the materials you tested as acidic, basic, or neutral. - Pepsi: acidic - Vinegar: acidic - Dish Detergent: acidic - Milk: acidic - Water: neutral - Table Salt: neutral - Baking Soda: basic - Laundry Detergent: basic - Ammonia: Basic - Toothpaste: Basic - Bleach: Basic

15. 4. Which group contains items used for cleaning or personal hygiene? 4. Which group contains items used for cleaning or personal hygiene? - The group the contains products for cleaning and personal hygiene are the bases. I say this because bleach is a base and is know to be one of the strongest cleaning products.

16. Standard 5. d. Students know how to use the pH scale to characterize acid and base solutions.

17. Extra Evidence

19. Thank You