1. 1 A NOVEL APPROACH TO FOOT DIPPING Robert L. Owen and John Lawlor

2. The Problem Biosecurity is a year round obligation In some parts of the country, foot dipping is impossible at certain times of the year. Universally, foot pans are inadequately maintained.

3. The Solution 1)Ignore that the problem exists 2)Discontinue use of foot pans 3)Utilize pump up sprayers filled with disinfectant 4)How about a dry foot bath?

4. Question 1 Are foot pan solutions effective at reducing the numbers of bacteria on shoes of hatchery workers?

5. Total Bacterial Counts from Shoe Swabs Fresh Solution After 3 hours of use Active Ingredient % Change in bacterial count Phenol-45.8+130.5 Quaternary Ammonium -57.5+73.3 Water+87.2+44.8

6. Question 2 How long does a foot pan solution stay clean in a hatchery environment?

7. Total bacterial count of the solution Fresh solution – Before and after ~25 exposures 3 hours old – Before and after ~25 exposures Active ingredient Change in Bacterial Count Phenol36 TNTCTNTC Quaternary Ammonium 1 12185 TNTC Water19 TNTCTNTC

8. Materials and Methods A total of 5 dry products were tested Early testing was for efficacy of Salmonella control only Based on these results 2 of the 5 original products were dropped due to lack of efficacy or cost Remaining products were tested versus currently used liquid products

9. Testing Procedure Swab was collected from the sole of the technician’s shoe before stepping into test pan Stood in test pan for 10 second contact time Shoe was again swabbed after stepping out of test pan Samples were directly plated on TSA and incubated 37 o C for 18 to 24 hours Colonies enumerated by direct count >400 classified as TNTC Repeated daily until efficacy was lost

10. Results Active Ingredient % Change in Bacterial Count Average Residual Life Powdered detergent + dry bleach -89.433 weeks Dry Bleach-92.53 weeks Powdered detergent + dry bleach -86.413 weeks Phenol-74.592 weeks Quaternary ammonium -95.62 weeks

11. Materials and Methods: Trial 2 Actually done in the hatchery Employee’s shoe was swabbed before stepping into test pan Between Chick Room and Break Room Real World 5 to 10 second contact time

12. Results – Trial 2 Active Ingredient % Change in Bacterial count Average Residual Life Detergent + Dry Bleach -92.614 days Dry Bleach-98.0614 days Phenol+ 10.8<2 hours Quaternary ammonium -23.6<2 hours

13. Conclusions Duration of effectiveness for solution in foot pans is very short under field conditions Dry disinfectants are effective at reducing bacterial numbers on shoes Duration of effectiveness for dry disinfectants is substantially longer than for solutions

14. Practical Applications Real goal is to reduce tracking of bacteria – especially Salmonella Only part of an overall biosecurity program

15. Entrance to Chicken House

16. Biosecurity Building

17. Inside The Hatchery

18. Acknowledgments Tony Britt, Hatchery Manager, Pikeville, TN Technical Support Melissa Poulson Amanda Harvey Tara Stroope Lena Shipley

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